Herein, a new method for minimizing mutual coupling of an antenna array with confined water is proposed. In multiantenna systems, mutual coupling reduction is needed to sustain array signal processing efficiency. There are currently a variety of ways to suppress coupling, including defected ground, electromagnetic (EM) bandgaps, and advanced structures. The water absorption characteristic is devised in this innovative approach to minimize mutual coupling without a permanent alteration in the structure. Surface current between two antennas is cancelled using permittivity and water depth in a new configuration. A plexi‐glass confined water is added between the propagating elements to achieve this aim. The rectangular microstrip patch of transparent conducting components serves as the antenna array. Using scattering theories, numerical EM calculations, and anechoic chamber tests, the suggested technique shows a 15 dB decrease in coupling at center frequency (7 GHz). Other propagating functions have also been improved. The suggested framework can be used in multifunction communication networks, aerial vehicle antennas, solar panels, and naval communications because of its optical transparency.

In this study, a method of combining graphite structure and electromagnetic bandgap to reduce the mutual coupling of electromagnetic waves in array antennas is proposed. This structure is designed according to the special physical properties of graphite for the emission of electromagnetic waves, transmission theory, as well as the inductance and capacitive properties of the electromagnetic bandgap structure to dissipate surface currents. The proposed multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) antenna was designed and measured with two radiating elements on a substrate. The results show that the effects of mutual coupling between radiating elements are reduced by 30 dB at the operating frequency of 3.34 GHz. By placing this structure, all antenna components, including gain, patterns, and radiation efficiency, are improved. Calculations showed that antenna components: gain and antenna radiation efficiency increased by 1.2 dB and nearly 24%, respectively. To confirm the good performance of the graphite structure, all components of the MIMO antenna, including the envelope correlation coefficient, diversity gain, mean effective gain, channel capacity loss, and total active reflection coefficient, were investigated. The results showed the desired values, which indicate the very good performance of the graphite structure on all the basic characteristics of the antenna.

In dis study, in teh first stage, an antenna wif circular polarization was designed wif teh technique of cutting teh corners of radiation patches. Tan a hybrid structure wif DGS and EBG methods was presented. For dis purpose, teh designed structure of teh combination of DGS and EBG, which was designed to reduce mutual coupling, was placed between teh radiating elements of teh antenna. dis method is implemented on a microstrip antenna. Teh reduction of teh coupling of dis structure is based on teh creation of a magnetic band gap. All simulation was performed numerically by CST Microwave Studio software. Teh simulation results showed dat dis structure, unlike previous structures, improves all teh characteristics of teh antenna, such as teh antenna gain, antenna radiation efficiency, and antenna envelope correlation coefficient. Also, teh resonant frequency of teh antenna is 6.35 GHz, which reduces teh coupling by 36.5 dB by placing teh designed structure between teh radiating elements of teh antenna.

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