No abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a swiftly developing technology in all sectors, with the number of devices that connect to the Internet has increased remarkably in recent years. However, most of these devices use cheap hardware and lack a concrete security defence system. This may encourage hackers to recruit these devices and use them to launch Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, which is one of the main causes of concern among security engineers. This paper investigates the possibility of using a matrix profile to detect DDoS attacks in an IoT-based environment. According to our empirical experiments, the preliminary findings illustrate that the matrix profile algorithm can efficiently detect IoT-based DDoS attacks.

Background: The risk of osteoporosis and functional deterioration is challenging for Saudi women with increased disease cases. However, recent analysis has shown that Saudi women were unaware of the risk of osteoporosis, so their knowledge and attitudes toward osteoporosis risk and prevention are necessary. We aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of Saudi women regarding osteoporosis and its screening in Al-Baha region, Saudi Arabia. Methods: About 464 participants (post-menopausal women) in Al-Baha region were recruited for the study to participate in the online survey. A modified osteoporosis knowledge assessment tool questionnaire was distributed online to collect data on participants’ responses regarding knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of osteoporosis. Then data was transferred to apply descriptive statistics to measure the frequency and percentage of KAP factors. Results: Most participants had good knowledge of osteoporosis and were 40-50 years old. White women are at higher risk of osteoporosis, but responses were quite uncertain. In addition, the frequency of knowledge of risk and symptoms was 89.7% and 76.3%, respectively. The percentage of knowledge and attitudes was higher for some aspects of risk and symptoms. The perceived knowledge about osteoporosis screening was positive, but actual knowledge remained uncertain. In addition, although knowledge and attitude gave significant results for some aspects of KAP factors, most participants’ overall knowledge was poor. Conclusion: The study concluded that the overall knowledge and attitudes of Saudi post-menopausal women in Al-Baha region regarding osteoporosis was poor, and therefore standard interventions must be recommended to enhance knowledge and practices. Keywords: postmenopausal, osteoporosis, knowledge, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia

Background: In recent years, the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) seems to occur in the population of Saudi Arabia more than in Western countries and Eastern Asia. Such a higher risk of prevalence also reported by university students may be the result of their changing lifestyle factors. Aim: The aim of the present study is therefore to determine the prevalence of GERD in Al-Baha university students and determine the risk factors, complications, and relieving strategies. Methods: A cross-sectional design was carried out among 566 participants in the Al-Baha region. A close-ended questionnaire was used which was comprised of sociodemographic factors and information about risk factors, symptoms, relieving factors, and complications. It was used to collect data from the participants and their responses were analysed using a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) whereby frequency analysis was conducted for each research variable. Results: Out of 566 participants, only 144 students with GERD from Al-Baha university those who completed the questionnaire. There was a higher percentage of female (54.95%) respondents than males (45.05%). The data analysis revealed that overall symptom prevalence was high among students (25.44%) and the common symptoms were esophageal refluxes and heart burn. Common risk factors were smoking, alcohol, and stress. Besides, participants reported positive behaviors of relieving factors against GERD. In addition, there were significantly fewer complications reported by the participants. Conclusion: Overall, the students at the university of Al-Baha have a high prevalence of GERD and therefore retain a higher potential for acceptability of the program to reduce the increasing prevalence of GERD.