No abstract

Objectives This study aimed to assess the degree of physical activity among male medical students. We also investigated the association between their physical activity and academic performance. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we distributed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire among male medical students of the first year through the fourth year by using a convenient sampling technique. Physical activity was measured by using the Metabolic Equivalent Task (MET) score. The demographic variables included academic year and age of the participants. Results The study included 317 students; of those, 219 were pre-clinical (first and second year), and 98 were clinical (third and fourth year) students. According to the MET score, the degree of physical activity was categorized into three groups. As many as 140 (44%) students were classified as highly active (MET>3000) and 98 (34%) moderately active (MET 600–3000), while 69 (22%) students were inactive (MET<600). The second-year students had a higher degree of inactivity than others ( p = 0.004). Additionally, there was a significant difference in the amount of siting time during the week, with a higher median sitting time by second-year students than by third- and fourth-year students ( p = 0.001). Conclusion In our study, most male medical students showed moderate or high physical activity. However, second-year students were physically inactive. Hence, the reason for such inactivity among second-year students should be explored. This study calls for the implementation of university-level programs that can motivate students to participate in physical activities.

5¹«dAë q¹b³ð-uDð vKŽ U¼dOŁQðË WKL²;« dD)« qÄ«uŽ rOOI²Ã ∫•«b¼_‫ا‬ AE©TGA® …dO³Jë-s¹cë v{d*« lOL' wFł-dŁQÐ ôUŠ WÝ«-oe X¹dł√ ∫WO−NM*« e¹eFë b³Ž pK*« WM¹bÄ w Â2016 Ë Â1999 wÄUŽ 5Ð TGA ? Ð rNBO Að fM'«Ë dLFë jЫu{ b¹b%-AEW¹oeuF ë WOÐdFë WJKL*« ¨ ÷U¹dë ¨WO³Dë qL(« ÍdJÝË »-UÁ_« ëË" pÃ-w U0 ¨dD)« qÄ«uŽ XFLł AEWIÐUD²*«-AE UNÄ_« R UJðË s¹bëuë dLŽË WOIK)« VKIë ÷«dÄ_ wKzUFë a¹-U²Ã«Ë AETGA d¹uDð vKŽ dD)« qÄ«uŽ-UŁ¬ qOKײÃ-«b×½ô« Ã-u/ «b ²Ý« w Èd³Jë 5¹«dAë q¹b³ð lÄ v{dÄ 206 tŽuL−Ä UMK−Ý ∫ZzU²Më WDO Ð TGA vÃ≈ …dO³Jë 5¹«dAë q¹b³ð ôUŠ rO Ið-AEWÝ«-bë-¨WÝË-b*« ôU(« w AE446 …-U² *« WO×Bë jЫuCë X½U AE…bIFÄË w qL(« ÍdJÝ hO Að-Ë ¨ ôU(« sÄ ©46%® 95 w WЫdÁ vKŽ-u¦Fë sÄ bÂRÄ wKzUŽ a¹-Uð UN¹bà ©17%® 35Ë ¨ UNÄ_« sÄ ©17.5%® 36 ¨jЫuCÃUÐ ôU×Kà dD)« qÄ«uŽ W½-UIÄ X9 UÄbMŽ AE WOIK)« VKIë ÷«dÄ√ sÄ dO³Â qJAÐ b¹eð R UJ²Ã«Ë ¨Â_« dLŽË ¨qL(« ÍdJÝË ¨WЫdIë Ê√ błË AETGA ÀËbŠ U0 …dO³Jë 5¹«dAë q¹b³ð-uD²Ã …dO³Â dDš qÄ«uŽ UM²Ý«-oe dNþ« ∫W ö)« wKzUFë a¹-U²Ã«Ë ¨qL(« ÍdJÝË ¨vÃË_« Wł-bë sÄ »-UÁ_« ëË" pÃ-w sÄ qÄ«uFë Ác¼ oe«" AER UJ²Ã«Ë Â_« dLŽ …oeU¹"Ë ¨WOIK)« WO³KIë U¼uA²Kà AEqÁ_« vKŽ 5HF{-«bI0 dD)« Objectives: To assess potential risk factors and their effect on the development of transposition of the great arteries (TGA). Methods: A retrospective case-control study of all patients diagnosed with TGA between 1999 to 2016 at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Age and gender-matched controls were selected. Risk factors, including consanguinity, gestational diabetes, family history of congenital heart disease, parental age, and maternal parity, were collected. Regression modeling was used to analyze the effects of risk factors on the development of TGA. Results: A total of 206 patients with transposition of the great arteries were enrolled in the study. Transposition of the great arteries cases were divided into simple and complex TGA. Selected healthy Original Article controls were 446. In the studied cases, consanguinity was found in 95 (46%) of cases, gestational diabetes was diagnosed in 36 (17.5%) mothers, and 35 (17%) had a confirmed family history of congenital heart disease. When risk factors of the cases were compared to the controls, consanguinity, gestational diabetes, maternal age, and parity were found to significantly increase the incidence of TGA. Conclusion: Our study revealed significant risk factors for the development of transposition of great arteries including first degree consanguineous marriages, gestational diabetes, family history of congenital cardiac anomalies, and increasing maternal age and parity. These factors increased the risk by at least 2 folds.

Unusual clinical course Background:Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a potentially fatal condition that occurs in 100 persons per 100 000 population, and accounts for 60 000 deaths per year in the United States, making its evaluation and diagnosis essential. Diagnosing DVT can be challenging due to symptom variations between patients. There are no previous reports of DVT patients presenting with foot drop in the literature. Therefore, the purpose of this case report is to present an unusual presentation of DVT in a middle-aged man with no clearly identifiable risk factors for DVT. Case Report:A 54-year-old otherwise symptom-free male smoker (for 30 years) presented to the Emergency Department complaining of pain in the left leg, which then escalated to weakness and decreased sensation in the left foot. However, he was able to walk with limping. Upon his presentation to the Emergency Department, he stated that his left leg felt quite weak. The neurological examination did not show any remarkable results, except for unilateral limb weakness. After that, a point-of-care ultrasound was carried out, which showed the possibility of non-compressible veins; then, a D-dimer test was conducted. When it tested positive, an official ultrasound was done, which showed thrombi in the left external iliac and common and superficial femoral veins. Conclusions:This study reported a unique presentation of foot drop due to DVT in a middle-aged man, with the absence of known risk factors. Utilizing point-of-care ultrasound is a valuable tool in the evaluation of acute unilateral lower limb weakness.