This study is concerned with the synthesis of new 1,2,4-triazoles, 1,3,4-thiadiazoles, and 1,3,4-thiadiazines derivatives. Derivatives 3a-i were obtained by condensation of 4-amino-3-(4-pyridine)-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole 1 with the appropriate aldehyde. Compounds 4a-i were synthesized in a one pot reaction involving compounds 3a-i, formaldehyde, and morpholine. Condensation of compound 1 with the appropriate acids or 4-substituted phenacyl bromide gave compounds 6a-d and 8a-f respectively. The chemical structures of the newly synthesized derivatives were elucidated using different spectral and elemental methods of analysis. All compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity and the most potent derivatives were tested for their analgesic activity using indomethacin as a reference drug. In addition, ulcerogenicity and LD(50) for the most active compounds were evaluated. Moreover, the antibacterial activities of the newly synthesized derivatives were investigated.

BackgroundImplant restorative emergence angle and profile may have a negative impact on peri‐implant marginal bone level and may increase the risk of developing peri‐implantitis. However, the role of these prosthetic features on peri‐implant health is still unclear. The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analyses was to evaluate the long‐term outcomes of implant restorations with an emergence angle of >30° in comparison to those with ≤30° in terms of changes in peri‐implant marginal bone level, periodontal parameters, and prevalence rate of peri‐implantitis.MethodsElectronic databases were searched to identify observational studies that compared implant restorations with an emergence angle of >30° to those with ≤30°. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias tool.ResultsFour studies with 912 dental implants in 397 participants were included in the present review. Of these, 455 implants had restorations with an emergence angle of >30°, while the remaining implants had restorative emergence angle of ≤30°. The follow‐up time varied between 3.8 and 10.9 years. Implant restorations with an emergence angle of ≤30° were associated with less changes in peri‐implant marginal bone level compared to those with emergence angle of >30°. The difference, however, was not statistically significant (mean difference 0.80; 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.13 to 1.72; p = 0.09). In platform‐matched implants, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant in favor of implant restorations with emergence angle of ≤30°. In terms of emergence profile, implant restorations with convex profile had significantly higher rate of peri‐implantitis (57.8%) compared to implant restorations with concave or straight profile (21.3%) (risk ratio 2.32; 95% CI 1.12–4.82; p = 0.02).ConclusionsWithin the limitation of this review, implant restorations with an emergence angles of >30° or ≤30° seem to have no significant influence on peri‐implant marginal bone level. Platform‐matched implants with an emergence angle of ≤30° may have positive effects on the peri‐implant marginal bone level changes, but the evidence support is of low to moderate certainty.

Asprosin is a novel peptide hormone produced and secreted by white adipose tissues. Asprosin associated with insulin resistance and promotes hepatic glucose production. Previous studies showed that serum asprosin was raised in the general population with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, there were studies supporting the opposite. Also, there were studies that showed the highest levels of asprosin was due to insulin resistance, as well as in type 2 diabetes patients. PCOS is one of the metabolic disorders related to insulin resistance. Therefore, the current study aims to evaluate the levels of asprosin in the blood serum of women with PCOS compared to the healthy women who resident in Duhok in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. A cross-sectional study was conducted from 20th of June, 2020 to 11th of January, 2021 at Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital and Mazi medical clinics. Serum asprosin level was determined in 75 women with PCOS (18-44 years) and 96 healthy women. SPSS software was utilized for analyzing the study data. The (means ± SD) of demographic parameters (body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC)) in women with PCOS were significantly highest in comparison to healthy women. The biochemical parameters (serum asprosin, fasting blood sugar (FBS), fasting insulin (FI), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG)) in women with PCOS also were remarkably higher compared to healthy women with the exception of high-density lipoprotein- cholesterol (HDL-C). The current data show that serum asprosin variance significantly between WC, BMI, FBS, FI, TC, TG and HDL-C. The study confirms that serum asprosin in women with PCOS was higher than in the healthy women. In addition in women with PCOS it was found that serum asprosin was positively correlated with BMI, WC, FBS, FI, HOMA-IR, TC and TG (P<0.05). Except, HDL-C was negatively correlated with serum asprosin (P<0.01).

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