We treated surgically 12 patients with an old dislocation of the lower cervical spine. The time from injury to presentation averaged 3.5 (range 1.5-12) months, and the majority of the dislocations were between C4-5. Treatment started with 1 week of skull traction. If this resulted in reduction the area was stabilised by anterior fusion with plate fixation. If reduction by traction did not succeed a posterior partial facetectomy was performed. If this allowed reduction it was followed by a posterior fusion with plate fixation. If reduction was not achieved the traction was continued for a further week and then followed by anterior discectomy and fusion with plate fixation. The average follow-up was 34 (range 12-54) months, and all patients developed bone fusion and showed neurological improvement.Résumé Nous avons traité chirurgicalement 12 cas de subluxation ancienne du rachis crevical inférieur. Le dé-lai depuis le traumatisme était en moyenne 3.5 (1.5-12) mois. La majorité des subluxations était localisée à C4/5. Nous avons utilisé le protocole de traitement suivant: Une traction du crâne a été instituée une semaine. Si la réduction était réalisée, une fusion antérieure avec fixation par plaque a été faite. Si la réduction n'était pas accomplie, une facetectomie partielle postérieure a été faite. Si la réduction pouvait alors se faire, une fixation par plaque postérieure et fusion a été faite. Si la réduction ne pouvait toujours pas se faire, la traction a été maintenue pour une autre semaine et une discectomie antérieure avec fusion et fixation par plaque a été faite. Le suivi moyen était 34 (12-54) mois. Tous les cas ont montré une amélioration neurologique et une fusion osseuse.

Cervical facet dislocation is a serious injury that carries risks of short- and long-term morbidity. The optimal management of these injuries remains controversial with the ongoing debate regarding indications and requirements for closed reduction, timing, type of surgical approach and method of fixation. This review gives an update on the relevant anatomy, classification systems for sub-axial cervical facet dislocation and an overview of the current concepts regarding their management, including surgical approaches and the choice of implants.

The adsorption of rose Bengal dye (RB) from aqueous solution investigated in this work. Unmodified and modified nano orange peel has been praised for their extraordinary capacity to bind with dyes. Nano raw orange peel (OP) underwent carbonization to obtain nano orange peel activated carbon (AC). Nano activated carbon coated with nano chitosan (Cs) to obtain nano chitosan/activated carbon (AC/Cs) which decorated with carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-COOH) via polymer crosslinking method to create unique featured and the most effective composite (OP/AC/Cs/MWCNTs). These materials tested using FTIR, XRD, SEM and TEM. Herein, for nano raw orange peel and nano composite, batch experiments studied the effect of the RB dye initial concentration, pH of the medium, temperature. Furthermore, sorption isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics were investigated. Additionally, thermodynamic calculations are made for parameters such as entropy (ΔS), enthalpy (ΔH), standard free energy (ΔG), sticking probability (S*) and activation energy (Ea). For the acquired data, Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order models were the preferred fitting. Also, the adsorption of rose Bengal dye is exothermic and spontaneous.

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Background and objective Fractures of the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) of the hand have always been difficult to treat, often leading to less than satisfactory outcomes. The use of dynamic external fixator devices to treat these fractures is well established and it is based on the philosophy of minimal soft tissue injury and early joint mobilization. There has been a wide variety in their designs, surgical technique, and reported outcomes. This study aimed to report the long-term outcome following the use of the Ligamentotaxor® device (Ligamentotaxor1, ArexTM, Palaiseau, France) in treating fractures of the PIPJ of the hand. Methods Between 2009 and 2018, 33 patients treated in our institution with Ligamentotaxor® for fractures of the PIPJ were followed up for a minimum period of 12 months. Radiographs and clinical records were reviewed for clinical and functional outcomes including finger range of motion (ROM), union, Quick Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) score, and any complications. Results A total of 33 patients completed a minimum follow-up of 12 months (mean: 27.5 months). All fractures showed radiological union at a mean of 33 days. Surgery was performed within a mean of 8.9 days and surgical operating time averaged 23.7 minutes. Devices were removed at a mean of 33 days. At the end of the follow-up, the mean range of flexion was 66 degrees and the mean extension lag was six degrees. The mean QuickDASH score was 8.72. Of note, 85% of the patients experienced no limitations in their daily activities, while 35% reported pain on exertion. One patient had a pin tract infection. Four patients had cold intolerance and persistent swelling. Conclusion The results of the use of Ligamentotaxor® in this series are comparable to those of other dynamic external fixator devices reported in the literature. Thanks to its quick and easy surgical technique, the device provides an appealing option for the management of PIPJ fractures.