Choosing a higher education course at university is not an easy task for students. A wide range of courses are offered by the individual universities whose delivery mode and entry requirements differ. A personalized recommendation system can be an effective way of suggesting the relevant courses to the prospective students. This paper introduces a novel approach that personalizes course recommendations that will match the individual needs of users. The proposed approach developed a framework of an ontologybased hybrid-filtering system called the ontology-based personalized course recommendation (OPCR). This approach aims to integrate the information from multiple sources based on the hierarchical ontology similarity with a view to enhancing the efficiency and the user satisfaction and to provide students with appropriate recommendations. The OPCR combines collaborative-based filtering with content-based filtering. It also considers familiar related concepts that are evident in the profiles of both the student and the course, determining the similarity between them. Furthermore, OPCR uses an ontology mapping technique, recommending jobs that will be available following the completion of each course. This method can enable students to gain a comprehensive knowledge of courses based on their relevance, using dynamic ontology mapping to link the course profiles and student profiles with job profiles. Results show that a filtering algorithm that uses hierarchically related concepts produces better outcomes compared to a filtering method that considers only keyword similarity. In addition, the quality of the recommendations is improved when the ontology similarity between the items' and the users' profiles were utilized. This approach, using a dynamic ontology mapping, is flexible and can be adapted to different domains. The proposed framework can be used to filter the items for both postgraduate courses and items from other domains.

The primary data source for universities and courses for students is increasingly becoming the web, and with a vast amount of information about thousands of courses on different websites, it is quite a task to find one that matches a student's needs. That is why we are proposing the "Course Recommendation System", a system that suggests the course best suited for prospective students. As there has been a huge increase in course content on the Internet, finding the course you really need has become time-consuming, so we are proposing to use an ontology-based approach to semantic content recommendation. The aim is to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of providing students with suitable recommendations. The recommender takes into consideration knowledge about the user (the student's profile) and course content, as well as knowledge about the domain that is being learned. Ontology is used to both models and represent such forms of knowledge. There are four steps to this: extracting information from multiple sources, applying ontologies by using Protégé tools, semantic relevance calculation and refining the recommendation. A personalised, complete and augmented course is then suggested for the student, based on these steps.

This paper presents a new comprehensive spacetime model of rainfall rate and its associated rainfield synthesizer called GRAM (Grid Rain Attenuation Model). A great deal of care is placed on explicitly including the rain/no rain condition so that the planning and simulation of high frequency radio wave communication systems can be achieved with full consideration of rain intermittency effects. We also look in some details at the modification of first and second order statistical descriptions of the rain precipitation rate upon application of space and time integration to point rainfall rate.

Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) represent up to 80% of extranodal non-Hodgkin Lymphomas, the most common being Mycosis Fungoides (MF) with or without its leukemic stage Sezary Syndrome and Primary cutaneous CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. Prognosis for advanced stages is poor, with 5-year survival 40-70% for patients with advanced skin stages, and 15-40% for those with extracutaneous involvement and CD30+ transformed CTCL. The disease is considered incurable, and most patients will undergo at least two different lines of therapy, and up to 36% undergo at least four different lines due to a short duration of remissions. Local and systemic therapies are provided stepwise based on extension and aggressive histologic features. Systemic options for advanced-stages include bexarotene, methotrexate, interferon, histone deacetylates inhibitors, extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP), antibody drug conjugates, and systemic single or multiple agent chemotherapies. The longest response durations were reported after allogeneic stem cell transplantation in contrast to autologous transplantation and conventional chemotherapy. Disease status prior to transplant is a major predictive of better outcome, but it is typically difficult to achieve strong pretransplant remissions. Some suggested utilizing total electron beam radiation but this can predispose the patient to more infection due to skin injury. We had the case of a patient with refractory CD30+ transformed CTCL who successfully achieved clinical remission in anticipation for transplant with a novel outpatient regimen including high-dose methotrexate with limited toxicity. Table 1 shows the regimen that was employed to achieve a complete cutaneous remission, allowing progression to haploidentical allogeneic stem cell transplantation. We designed this for a 58-year-old male, previously treated over a period of 12 years for skin rashes that ultimately were diagnosed as CTCL/MF: C6D4+, CD8+ and CD25-, CD30- and positive T-cell receptor gene rearrangement. Sezary cell count was 2%, and there was no evidence of systemic involvement. Sequential therapies were employed by dermatology, including topical clobetasol, weekly oral (PO) methotrexate (MTX), ECP and bexarotene up to 150mg/m2 PO twice a day, but disease progressed to skin tumor stage, biopsy confirmed. Multiple additional therapies followed including phototherapy and interferon, but the disease began progressing aggressively by fall 2017 when hematology became involved. Again there was no evidence of systemic disease, and the Sezary count was 0%, but skin disease progressed, with ~80% skin involvement, some biopsy proved to be CD30+ with large cell transformation. The patient was started on Brentuximab Vedotin (BV) 1.8mg/Kg intravenous (IV) every 21 days (Q21D) and after 5 cycles developed major resolution of most tumor lesions, but developed progression of residual lesions that were biopsy proven to be MF, CD30- with no large cell transformation. Bendamustine 90mg/m2 IV on day 1 and day 2 Q21D was added to BV regimen for 2 cycles with further progression so was discontinued. The patient was referred for allogeneic transplant, but a strong remission was desired prior to proceeding, and we therefore designed the regimen in Table 1 as a novel approach to allow transplant. The patient achieved a complete cutaneous clinical response after cycle 2 and went on to receive a third cycle, after which he proceeded in July 2018 to haploidentical allogenic transplantation conditioned with Fludarabine, total body irradiation and post-transplant cyclophosphamide. Etoposide IV and MTX PO are both approved as systemic therapies of disease as per National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines, although no reports of use of IV MTX or in combination with Etoposide have been found on literature. High-dose IV MTX is given as inpatient as requires close toxicity surveillance, hydration, urine alkalization and MTX serum level monitoring in parallel to folinic acid rescue by protocol. Side effect profile was limited to mild nausea controlled on ondansetron PO and no evidence of renal or liver toxicity was found. Surveillance and supportive care were successfully provided as an outpatient as per Table 1. This exemplifies an effective outpatient regimen with low toxicity and significant cost reduction that successfully achieved remission in anticipation for transplantation. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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