This research work is intended as a contribution to the development of a multicriteria methodology, combining several factors to control the availability of groundwater resources, in order to optimize the choice of location of future drilling and increase the chances to take water from productive structures which will satisfy the ever-increasing water demand of local population (Arghen basin in the Western Anti-Atlas chain of Morocco). The geographic information system is used to develop thematic maps describing the geometry and the hydrodynamic functioning of the aquifer. In this study, 11 factors including geology, topography, and hydrology, influencing the distribution of water resources were used. Based on the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model, GIS, and remote sensing, the study mapped and classified areas according to their hydrogeological potential. The favorable potential sectors cover 17% of the total area of the basin. The medium potential sectors account for 64%, while the unfavorable areas cover 18% of the basin area. The groundwater potential map of the study area has been validated by comparing with data from 159 boreholes scattered throughout the basin.Water 2020, 12, 471 2 of 16 rural populations [2][3][4]. The aquifers that form in this type of context generally consist of crystalline rocks of plutonic and metamorphic origin (gneiss, schists, micaschists, etc.). These are hard rocks that expose relatively homogeneous mechanical behavior and overall hydraulic properties and are characterized mainly by fracture permeability [5]. Conventional research and prospection methods (hydrochemical, geophysical, etc.) often take a long time, require a lot of financial resources, and need qualified personnel [6][7][8]. In recent decades, several studies have shown that the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), based on geographical information systems (GIS) and spatial remote sensing, offers good functionality for mapping the groundwater recharge area [7][8][9][10][11].The main objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of AHP and GIS techniques to map potential groundwater areas, to provide policy makers and managers with a guide map for hydrogeological research, to guide the implementation of future points of water, and consequently reduce the costs of hydrogeological investigation.