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Aim and Objectives: To assess the value of Hysterosalpingography in evaluating the uterine abnormalities and tubal patency in infertile patients and to compare its results with established methods like hysterosalpingography for determination of tubal patency in cases of primary and secondary infertility. Methods: In this study , trial of 50 women complaining of infertility ,suspected tubal pathologies underwent various radiological modalities. Hysterosalpingography was performed in all cases. Result: The results of 50 cases of Infertility for Tubal patency by HSG 36 cases were of primary infertility and 14 cases of secondary infertility . Mean duration of primary and secondary infertility were 5.79+3.19 and 5.97+3.36 years respectively. Maximum number of cases had duration of infertility between 1 to 4 years [45.2%]. The average age in subjects of primary infertility were 26.25+3.85 years and in subjects of secondary infertility were 29.73+4.87 years. Up to 70% of cases had a high school or less than high school education and 92% of women were not employed . 29 patients had bilateral patency , in 14 patients had bilateral block , in 7 patients had unilateral block (either proximal or distal.finds in sonosalpingography , bilateral patency in 34 cases , findings at laparoscopy, bilateral patency number of cases 32 (64%), bilateral block no. of cases 12 (24%) and unilateral block no. of cases 6(12%). In the group of patients with Bilateral Patency there were 2 false Negatives for HSG ie, 22% , HSG and laparoscopy are in agreement with 94% . There were 2 false positives for TVS i.e. 22%, between TVS and laparoscopy were in agreement with 94% . In the group of patients with bilateral block there was 100% agreement between TVS and Laparoscopy . There was 2 false positive for bilateral block , agreement between HSG and Laparoscopy being only 94% . In the group of patients with unilateral block there were 2 false negatives for TVS rate 22% agreement between TVS and Laparoscopy being 67% for HSG false positive rate 11% , agreement between HSG and Laparoscopy being 85.5%. Conclusion: Several modalities have been suggested for the diagnosis of suspected Tubal patency ,however Sonosalpingography the initial most useful technique to confirm or exclude tubal patency .

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Background: To study the various advance technology for the diagnosis of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and find out Emerging trends occur in TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury) patients.Methods: The present study was conducted with 500 patients, age between 02 year to 70 years mean age (36 Years) presenting to emergency department of Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, with a history of acute head trauma from January 2016 to December 2018. All patients were examined using 64 slices MDCT and 1.5T MRI Scanner also.Results: Traumatic brain injury caused by various reasons like 62.1% road traffic accidents (RTA) and 25.1% fall from height (FFH) being and 11.83% Assault/hit by hard object and 0.88% are gunshot injury. Loss of consciousness was the most common complaint of the 59.1% TBI patients followed by 17.75% Vomiting and headache, 11.83% facial injury and 11.24% scalp injury. All TBI patients were diagnosed by MDCT 64 Slices Somatom Sensation Scanner who was observed 41.42% skull fractures, 29.28% extra dural hematoma, 27.21% sub dural hematoma, 23.96% sub archnoid haemorrhage, 13% intra cerebral hematoma, 30.17% brain contusions and 24.26% diffuse cerebral edema.Conclusions: Road traffic accidents remain the leading cause of trauma in our country. MRI and MDCT are well recognized method to know the extent and various types of hemorrhages and skull fractures in TBI patients. The present study data is indicated 62.1% majority of TBI patients are suffered by Road traffic accidents mainly young males with alcoholism.