Since the first isolation of graphene over a decade ago, research into graphene has exponentially increased due to its excellent electrical, optical, mechanical and chemical properties. Graphene has been shown to enhance the performance of various electronic devices. In addition, graphene can be simply produced through chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Although the synthesis of graphene has been widely researched, especially for CVD growth method, the lack of understanding on various synthetic parameters still limits the fabrication of large-area and defect-free graphene films. This report critically reviews various parameters affecting the quality of CVD-grown graphene to understand the relationship between these parameters and the choice of metal substrates and to provide a point of reference for future studies of large-area, CVD-grown graphene.

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Increasing demand for energy requirement has attracted considerable attention among researchers to develop efficient energy storage device. Among energy storage devices, electrochemical capacitor (EC) has great potential for its capability to deliver more power than batteries and store more energy than conventional capacitors. The electrode or active material is the most crucial factor in determining the device properties. Recently, carbon based materials play significant roles as electrode materials and possesses remarkably significant achievements toward the development of sustainable energy storage applications. Electrode fabrication technique is another important factor to be considered. Hence, this article reviews the electrode fabrication techniques for EC based on different types of carbon as electrode materials, and their EC performances measured by techniques such as cyclic voltammetry and charge discharge characteristics are also discussed.Background.-Nowadays, sustainable energy sources are important and have been utilized in many applications due to the decreasing availability of fossil fuels. 1 Renewable resources such as solar 2 and wind power 3 have the ability to generate electricity, and thus offers high potential for future energy demands. However, these kinds of sources provide limited energy consumption due to the continuous utilization of energy for up to 24 h a day. To overcome this matter, energy storage devices are introduced to achieve an effective level in the cycle of renewable energy sources. 4 A lot of efforts have been put in researching and developing more efficient energy storage system that is more novel, low-cost, environmentally friendly, and better performance to meet the market requirement. 5 Batteries, fuel cells, and electrochemical capacitors (ECs) are among those devices for the newly introduced electrochemical energy storage and conversion. 6 ECs provide the necessary power for acceleration and additionally allow for recuperation of brake energy in hybrid electric vehicle. 7-9 Moreover, ECs are constructed and/or assembled much like a battery and their function is also similar. Function of both batteries and ECs are to store electrical charges. In a basic form, ECs consist of two symmetric electrodes immersed in an electrolyte with a dielectric separator between the electrodes. ECs are generally classified into three types, which are electrochemical double layer capacitor (EDLC), pseudocapacitor, and hybrid capacitor. 8,10,11 The general principle and mechanism of these types of ECs will be discussed in this manuscript.Commonly, fabrication of ECs consists of electrode preparation and cell assembly. Studies about the electrode fabrication technique of ECs are important to successfully produce high performance ECs. Notably, selection of electrode materials has become an essential factor to verify the properties and performances of ECs. 12 Also, simple procedures to fabricate ECs will reduce the fabrication complexity and reduce the number of process steps in fabricating th...