This research was specifically developed for the preliminary study of verbal protocol analysis (VPA) for the recognition of design representation underlying a design activity phenomenally based on design research ethics. The ethics case study purposely aims to develop the pre-post observation on a rigorous prescriptive study of the think-aloud design experience according to the eco-design identity in the product form context. Eight pilot participants were sampled from the degree-level product design programme from the School of Arts, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia. In the preobservational study, the emphasis on design pattern via a reflective practice (RP) approach using the visual imagery interactions between interpolative and extrapolative strategies was utilised by design scheme method. Meanwhile in the post-observational analysis, rubrics for evaluation were used as a design tool assessment to evaluate the concept of eco-design artefact by using the quality of the morphological patterns. The rehearsal prescriptive analysis, also known as s VPA's preliminary study (VPAPS), was predicted to show the design representation (by contextual learning) with the interpretation of the eco-design identity. The outcome should present an encode of the designer's human cognition framed by the design phenomena's existence within an educational reliability test. By using dual method triangulation, a rigorous VPA method ethically achieved a future design criterion as the goal of design representation pertaining to real-fieldwork case study for design and engineering education.

This paper discusses how designers formulate ideas through unstructured approaches in furniture design. The problem arose from a logical analysis of the strategies, methods, and hermeneutics in designing within the state-of-the-art interpretation principle. The goal is to understand how designers interpret the visual concept of subjectivity. In the designers’ cognitive ergonomics, verbal protocol analysis approaches methodologically analyzed. The 15-minute memorizing-based videotapes observe the designer reflection using several form properties, namely a characteristic of the uncertain objects has practiced. The findings showed the embodiment of metaphorical forms for designers to visualize unstructured visual forms as significant tangible forms. Keywords: Cognitive ergonomics; formgiving; furniture design; visual protocol  eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI5.2927

This paper identifies a new distinction of ecodesign form, where it emerged from the literature case study that most practising designers have not conceived to interpret design research as an ecodesign identity. This research article objective reveals the ecological form creation in the semantics orders. The imaging product digitized an ecological form that was hermeneutically sourced by the literature review process using the heuristic method. It digitized the visual imagery before entering the prescriptive stage. The product imagery therefore digitized some ecodesign characteristics that the intangible ecological form conveyed in the form follows functional perspective; believing to environmentally-friendly product design. Keywords: Form; heuristic method; industrial design; intangible ecological form eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bsby e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI3.2538

This paper discusses the engagement of furniture design with environmental elements and ecological system in design literature. The purpose is to establish a gap in the area of ecological design. A sustained relationship of field study has resulted in two major areas of designs: industrial design (ID) and manufacturing technology design (MT), while one minor field found is business and industrial marketing (IM). The term ID describes the creative thinking involved in industrial cycle methodologies. Instead, aesthetics and ergonomics, it applies manufacturing engineering principles to develop ecological system in forms of design. As for the term MT, structured measures are commonly applied on the manufacturing and industrial technology engineering. Another prominent term is the "green design and manufacturing" or "environmentally conscious manufacturing" (ECM), which means the material sources go through processed systems in producing the goods with several operations; large production scale to meet the ecological consumer behaviour, and the materials must be specified in the earliest stages due to the design and production stages. Furthermore, IM remains a minor area that is slightly important since the environmental communication is derived from the ecological system issues. Based on greenhouse gases (GHG) function, this initiative drives business to business communication (B2B) that could be considered as ecological economics player. Normally, the manufacturing sector complies with the national economic transformation agenda for the international intention. Finally, combination of three areas of study may lead to the probable finding of the ecological influence or elements and the extraction of environmental design, standards and theory. Hence, this topic is to focus on the criteria, capability and characteristics (3C) of ecological system with the awareness of producing the recycling product design (forms context) and to help practicing designers identify problems, issues and gaps in relation to ecological concept using suitable methodologies and its applications.

This paper interprets a design pedagogy based on the Internet of Things (IoT) communication in the cyber-physical system challenges. This literature study discovers pictographic through artificial intelligence (AI). The product designers perceive the product form imaging beyond the engagement of design artefacts in the industrial design. The digital information sets are supplied through a design artefact evolution using heuristic evaluation. By the dual-method of designers’ human cognition, the design concept continuum develops arts and design education. The results identify an exact meaning of design pedagogy that the academicians will understand the specific content analysis type. Keywords: Artificial intelligence; industrial design; form imagery; internet of things eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI4.2901