The availability of heterogeneous devices has rapidly changed the way people access the World Wide Web that includes rich content applications such as video streaming, 3D games, video conferencing, and mobile TV. However, most of these devices' (i.e., mobile phone, PDA, smartphone, and tablet) capabilities differ in terms of built-in software and library (what they can display), display size (how the content appears), and battery supply (how long the content can be displayed). In order for the digital contents to fit the target device, content adaptation is required. There have been many projects focused on energy-aware-based content adaptation that have been designed with different goals and approaches. This paper reviews some of the representative content adaptation solutions that have been proposed during the last few years, in relation to energy consumption focusing on wireless multimedia streaming in mobile devices. Also, this paper categorizes the research work according to different classifications of multimedia content adaptation requirements. In addition, we discuss some energy-related challenges content adaptation systems.

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Recently, universities around the world are actively implementing smart campus. Smart campus is an initiative to enhance a better experience in campus environment especially in teaching and learning process and other services. In order successfully implement smart campus initiative, framework is needed to define the scope of the smart campus implementation. There are several universities in Malaysia that currently taken initiatives to implement smart campus. In this paper, we conducted a survey in the literature and resources from Malaysian universities to identify smart campus initiative implemented in accordance of smart campus domain. The result shows that all domains of smart campus are implemented. Smart Management domain has the highest number which is 41% of overall initiatives taken by the universities. The second highest domain are Smart Learning at 21% followed by Green Campus at 11%. We also identify that there are several new domains of smart campus that was implemented by several universities in Malaysia.