No abstract

An increase in Indonesian forest fires has infuriated Malaysia and Indonesia, where residents are inhaling smoke from peat and trees burned hundreds of miles away. The global COVID-19 lockdowns caused CO emissions decreased seen over Malaysia and Indonesia region. The main objective of this study is to investigate the carbon monoxide (CO) distribution over Malaysia and Indonesia, within the period of January 2011 to December 2020. The impact of lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 to CO emission over Malaysia and Indonesia also was reviewed. This study utilizes MERRA-2 dataset provided by GIOVANNI interface. Five area were found to have affected the most during the study period which is Kuala Lumpur, Jambi, Riau, Palembang, and Jakarta. CO concentration over the studied region exhibits a strong seasonality showing maximum value in dry season (July to October). September 2019 is found to have the highest trend of CO concentration affected Jambi region. As COVID 19 pandemic hit the whole world end of year 2019, all the studied regions shown the decreasing trend after September 2019 and no high peak was observed during dry season (July to October) in 2020. This is the combined effect of wetter dry season and impact of lockdown implemented by government of Malaysia and Indonesia.