Background: Anxiety among teenagers may disturb their life, and it is no controlling results in severe problems. Therefore, the present research was designed and conducted by the aim of investigating the effectiveness of group counseling training based on metacognitive therapy & dialectic behavior therapy on reducing anxiety in boy adolescent of divorce. Methods: The present research conducted by quasi-experimental method and used a pretest-posttest with control group design. The statistical population of the current research included all boy students of divorced parents in Karaj in 2017-2018. Among them, 36 persons selected by convenience sampling method, and they were assigned into experimental and control groups (12 individuals per group) randomly. Before the intervention, the Beck Anxiety Inventory executed on participants. Group counseling therapy based on metacognitive therapy and dialectic behavior therapy provided for the experimental group subjects in sixteen 90-minute sessions, while the participants of the control group received no intervention. Posttest executed for all three groups after completing the training. The research data were analyzed by covariance analysis and by SPSS-22 software. Results: Covariance analysis findings indicated that metacognitive therapy and dialectic behavior therapy groups had significant decreasing than the control group after interventional (P>0.05). Also, results indicated than there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy and dialectic behavior therapy on anxiety decreasing among boy teenagers of divorced teenagers (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results of the present research, we can state that dialectic behavior therapy and metacognitive therapy by changing negative cognitions reduce anxiety among divorced children.

Background and Objectives:Quality of work life is one of the most important factors in promotion of teachers and having them continue their jobs. This study aimed at designing and evaluating a questionnaire for teachers' work life quality. Methods:In this research, a sequential exploratory approach (instrument editing model) was used and in the qualitative stage, a semi-structured interview method was used to determine the quality of life of teachers. In the qualitative stage, indices of work life quality were identified using semi-structured interviews with 12 teachers (9 men and 3 women) of Karaj city (2014-2015 educational year) selected through purposive sampling method. The qualitative data was analyzed using Straus and Corbin method. Subsequently, a questionnaire of teachers' working life quality was constructed based on these indices and was validiated in the quantitative stage.Results: Content validity was confirmed by five experts using content validity index. A sample of 760 (387women) teachers selected through multistage cluster sampling were handed out two questionnaires including a researcher-made questionnaire of teachers quality of working life and Walton (1973) quality of work life questionnaire. Construct validity of the research-made questionnaire was examined using exploratory factor analysis. Eight factors were extracted and confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis. Fit indices of model indicate compliance. Convergent validity was confirmed by its correlation with the quality of work life questionnaire (P<0.01). Reliability was confirmed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0/74-0/88). Conclusion:The results of the study indicated that the researcher-made questionnaire with regard to its design in the job context of Iranian teachers, with 54 items, is an appropriate tool for assessing the quality of their working life.

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Due to the widespread use of ceilings with T-shaped beams as well as because of economic problems and the lack of sufficient variation of rolled profiles, applying castellated beams in buildings with steel structure has become quite common. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the behavior of castellated beams with rigid and semi-rigid connection and surrounding in and non-surrounding in concrete under blast effect. The same pattern was modeled in Abaqus software and the cyclic load was introduced in the form of a domain to the software. The results showed better performance of the beam in rigid connection compared with semi-rigid connection against explosion. Moreover, binge surrounded in concrete causes the castellated beams to perform much better than non-buried mode and improves various drawbacks of the castellated beams. Castellated beams failure mode in the cyclic load is at the same time failure mode (local lodge of lower wing in front of the first opening after the connection) that this deficiency is largely eliminated by adding a reinforcement plate wing.