Infestation by Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) causes damage to tomatoes with production losses of up to 100%, affecting the physiological and biochemical aspects of host plants. The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of infestation of cryptic species of B. tabaci MED and MEAM1 on the physiological and biochemical aspects of tomato. Tomato plants ‘Santa Adélia Super’ infested with B. tabaci (MED and MEAM1), and non-infested plants were evaluated for differences in gas exchange, chlorophyll - a fluorescence of photosystem II (PSII), and biochemical factors (total phenols, total flavonoids, superoxide dismutase—SOD, peroxidase—POD, and polyphenol oxidase—PPO). Plants infested with B. tabaci MED showed low rates of CO2 assimilation and stomatal conductance of 55% and 52%, respectively. The instantaneous carboxylation efficiency was reduced by 40% in MED and by 60% in MEAM1 compared to the control. Regarding biochemical aspects, plants infested by MED cryptic species showed high activity of POD and PPO enzymes and total phenol content during the second and third instars when compared to control plants. Our results indicate that B. tabaci MED infestation in tomato plants had a greater influence than B. tabaci MEAM1 infestation on physiological parameters (CO2 assimilation rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), and apparent carboxylation efficiency (A/Ci)) and caused increased activity of POD and PPO enzymes, indicating plant resistance to attack. In contrast, B. tabaci MEAM1 caused a reduction in POD enzyme activity, favoring offspring performance.
Parasitoides do gênero Trichogramma são utilizados em todo o mundo para o manejo de pragas. A capacidade de dispersão desses insetos em cultivos determina o número de pontos necessários de liberação para que haja resultados satisfatórios quanto ao parasitismo e consequentemente, o manejo da praga. Para determinação da capacidade de dispersão de T. pretiosum em cultivos de couve e repolho, foram demarcadas áreas de 26 x 26 m, em que foram colocadas cartelas contendo ovos de A. kuehniella distribuídas de forma concêntricas e equidistantes. No centro de cada área foram liberados 100 mil parasitoides e o parasitismo foi permitido por 24 horas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos (distância) e quatro repetições. A distância média dispersada foi de 6,27 metros em couve e 6,07 em repolho, enquanto que área de dispersão foi de 81,23 na cultura da couve e 79,03 metros no cultivo de repolho, sendo possível determinar que por hectare são necessários 123 pontos de liberação para couve e 126 para repolho.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.