Background: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a challenging exclusion diagnosis for breast lesions, manifested as benign, chronic inflammation of the breast tissue. Although some evidence suggest that IGM cases are not uniformly distributed worldwide, few investigations have specifically addressed this topic. This study aims to examine the distribution of IGM cases among countries and races/ethnicities based on reported cases.Methods: A review of studies with a report of at least one IGM patient published from 2011 to 2020 inclusive was conducted. The search was performed in MEDLINE, and citations were filtered in two stages by title/abstract and full text. Those cases with a positive growth of pathogens, male granulomatous mastitis and review articles were excluded.Results: Among 365 retrieved publications, 218 were finally included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, comprising 7161 patients from 34 different countries. Turkey, the United States, and China were the countries where the most publications (including case reports) originated. Considering the number of patients within papers, Turkey, Iran, and China were the pioneers. Conclusion: Based on the published literature, some populations seem to be more prone to IGM. Further investigations may reveal the genetic and environmental factors associated with this disease in different geographic areas.

Background: The use of mobile services for health promotion is rapidly increasing. The purpose of this paper is to review studies using cell phone applications as an intervention to improve mental health in breast cancer patients and to provide an overview of their effectiveness. Methods: A systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and PsycINFO was performed to retrieve relevant studies published from 2010 to 2020. The criteria for inclusion were included in any study illustrated about the breast cancer, English papers and mental health. Related articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The survey and meta-synthesis of included articles were conducted based on predefined classification.then From the selected studies, the following information was extracted: authors, publication date, study objectives, study population, study design, interventions, and results. Results: 81 papers were retrieved with databases and 46 articles were reviewed. At the end, 7 articles were selected for analysis. We identified 7 RCT studies that utilized a mental health application as a mental health intervention in breast cancer patients. The results showed all of studies effectiveness of the mobile apps on the stress, depression, anxiety, self-efficacy, social support, resiliency and coping with breast cancer. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the important role of mobile apps in promoting mental wellness of breast cancer patients. Mobile app interventions can be implemented to decrease depression through positive impacts on stress management, self-efficacy, resilience and breast cancer adaptation. We recommend that the role of mobile apps for the prevention and rehabilitation of mental health aspects in breast cancer patients would be examined through a blended delivery management approach in future studies.