: About 10-15% of direct maternal death is caused by preeclampsia and eclampsia. The first stage pathogenesis of preeclampsia is indicated by an increase in HIF-1α placenta and AT1-AA. The second stage of preeclampsia is indicated by a decrease of eNOS placenta expression. Black seed (Nigella sativa) hasthymoquinone and thymol as the active substances has shown potential in the prevention and therapy of preeclampsia. The trial study used 30 pregnant mice (Mus musculus) randomly divided into six groups.Two groups was for control (positive and negative) and other 4 groups were for experimental treatment. Positive control and experiment groups were injected with severe preeclampsia serum in pregnant women.The serum-injected experimental mice group were administered with various doses of N. sativa ethanol extract (500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 mg/kg/day for each group). Mice with a blood pressure of ≥140/90 mmHg and proteinuria of ≥10μg/day served as preeclampsia mice models. Treatment with ethanol extract of N. sativa was performed on days 15 to day 19 of gestation. Data were analyzed to compare the mean of HIF-1α and eNOS, showing a significant effect of ethanol extract of N. sativa in various doses, decreasing the expression of HIF-1α and increasing eNOS in preeclampsia mice models. The optimal dose for both was 1000 mg/kg/day. The results concluded that the N. sativa ethanol extract administration decreased the expression of HIF-1α and increased eNOS expression in the placenta of preeclampsia mice models.

Introduction: Premature birth is a global problem in various countries worldwide. The pathogenesis leading to preterm labor may occur in early pregnancy and is associated with inflammatory pathways and changes in the angiogenic process. Decorin and biglycan are hypothesized to play a role in pregnancy maintenance, wherein preterm delivery, these levels are thought to be reduced. This study was examined effect of Escherichia coli on Decorin and Type I Collagen levels in fetal membranes of Premature Balb/c Mice Methods: There were 28 pregnant Balb/c mice divided into 4 groups, with a post-test-only control group design in true experimental design research. The first control group (N1) was a group of pregnant mice dissected on day-15, while the second control group (N2) were mice pregnant at term followed up to parturition. Group P1 were given Escherichia coli 1x109 CFU/ ml dose on the cervix on day-15, while the second treatment group (P2) were given Escherichia coli in the cervical canal on day-15 followed by delivery. We examined the Decorin and Type I Collagen levels between group. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the collected data. Results: There was a significant difference in the mean decorin levels between the control group N1 vs P2 (12.35±2.24 ng/mL vs 6.62±1.50 ng/mL; p=0.000). In addition, a significant difference was also found in the mean level of type 1 collagen between the control group N1 vs P2 group (283.5±31.3 ng/mL vs 170.6±38.8 ng/mL; p=0.000). Conclusion: A decrease in decorin levels affects the reduction in collagen type 1 levels in fetal membranes of Balb/C mice in premature models.

Background: 10-15% of direct maternal death caused by preeclampsia and eclampsia. Almost 30% of maternal death in Indonesia caused by Hypertension in pregnancy Pathogenesis of preeclampsia characterized by increase of HIF-1α placenta expression in hypoxia and ischemia condition that leading producer of IL6 by endothelial cells, phagocyte cells, macrophage, mast cells and also fibroblast as an immunologic maladaptation response. The endothelial dysfunction also causing major producer of endhotelin-1 that induced production of IL-6 and TNFα as an inflammation response by activating Nfkβ. Black seed as known as black cumin (Nigella sativa) with Thymoquinone and thymol as the active substances is a potential in prevention and therapy for preeclampsia. Black seed act as anti-inflammatory scavenger and inhibit the activation of NF-kB and therefore reduces expression of IL-6 and TNFα and also the symptoms of preeclampsia. Objective: To determine the effect of black seed ethanol extract on the expression of IL-6 and TNFα in Huvecs model exposed by preeclamptic plasma. Methods: The trial study with post-test only control group design using Huvecs model exposed by preeclamptic plasma were randomly divided into six groups. The control group was Huvecs model exposed by normal pregnancy plasma. The Positive control group using Huvecs model exposed by preeclamptic plasma While the four treatment groups using Huvecs model exposed by preeclamptic plasma received treatment of ethanol extract of black seed with doses of 50, 100, 200, and 400 ppm. Then all the groups were moved to tissue culture well with gelatin covering cover glass inside incubated for 20 minutes Continued by examination of the expression of IL-6 and TNFα in endothelial cells using immunohistochemical staining. Results: Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA test to compare the mean of TNFα and IL6 expression, and it showed significant influence of ethanol extract of black seed in various doses to decrease the expression of TNFα and IL6 expression of Huvecs model exposed by preeclampsia plasma. The optimal dose in both is 100 ppm. Conclusion: The black seed ethanol extract administration decreases the expression of TNFα and IL6 expression in Huvecs model exposed by preeclampsia plasma.