Multicellular rosettes have recently been appreciated as important cellular intermediates that are observed during the formation of diverse organ systems. These rosettes are polarized, transient epithelial structures that sometimes recapitulate the form of the adult organ. Rosette formation has been studied in various developmental contexts, such as in the zebrafish lateral line primordium, the vertebrate pancreas, the Drosophila epithelium and retina, as well as in the adult neural stem cell niche. These studies have revealed that the cytoskeletal rearrangements responsible for rosette formation appear to be conserved. By contrast, the extracellular cues that trigger these rearrangements in vivo are less well understood and are more diverse. Here, we review recent studies of the genetic regulation and cellular transitions involved in rosette formation. We discuss and compare specific models for rosette formation and highlight outstanding questions in the field.
There was an error in the version of Development 139, 3130-3135 published on ePress on July 25th, 2012. The authors apologise to readers for this mistake.
There was an error in the version of Development 139, 3130-3135 published on ePress on July 25th, 2012. The full online issue and print versions are correct.The authors apologise to readers for this mistake.
In vertebrates, perception of movement and sound is accomplished by the lateral line and inner ear sensory systems. These systems sense reverberations, movement and acceleration by transducing mechanical stimuli from the environment into electrical signals by means of mechanosensory hair cells. Vestibular and auditory hair cells have associated sensory neurons that transmit these signals from the periphery to the central nervous system. During development, cranial sensory systems arise from an initially homogeneous population of cells that ultimately give rise to discrete sensory structures. Although the demands for auditory and vestibular sensation differ between species and environments, vertebrates use common cell types, genetic programmes and molecules to achieve the development of these mechanosensory organs. In this article, the structure and function of the mechanosensory hair cells, lateral line and inner ear and how these systems develop across species are discussed, and as well as the innervation of these systems.
Key Concepts:
The vertebrate inner ear is composed of both auditory and vestibular components.
Both the lateral line and the inner ear are derived from embryonic structures known as cranial placodes.
All cranial placodes originate from a homogenous group of cells known as the preplacodal ectoderm.
Hair cells are structurally and functionally similar in both auditory and lateral line systems.
The adult lateral line mediates sensation of movement in the aquatic environment of fishes and frogs.
Embryonic posterior lateral line development is accomplished by the pre‐patterned posterior lateral line primordium.
The lateral line is an experimentally accessible model for studying mechanosensory system development and biology.
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