This review suggests that HFNC may be superior to COT in AHRF patients in terms of oxygenation, patient comfort, and work of breathing. It may be reasonable to consider HFNC as an intermediate level of oxygen therapy between COT and NIV.

Retrospective study; level II.

Our study indicated that there was a significant decrease in mean publication time between 2002 and 2006, which may support the notion that the process of accepting papers for publication has become more efficient with time. Furthermore, we found that there was a quantifiable difference in the overall publication rates for podium and poster presentations. The data suggest that the quality of poster and podium presentations are not equivalent. In addition, our study indicated that publication rates among pediatric orthopaedic subspecialties (trauma, spine, hip, basic science, lower extremity, and upper extremity) did not differ. This indicates that publication representation across all areas of pediatric orthopaedic practice is generally uniform.

Regardless of patient age, sports participation, and final clavicle shortening, no differences in pain, strength, shoulder range of motion, or subjective outcome scores were found between the injured and uninjured limbs of adolescents treated nonoperatively for a displaced, shortened, midshaft clavicle fracture.

Patients with displaced SH II distal tibia fractures pose a challenging problem for the treating physician with a high rate of PPC (43% overall). Although surgical fixation with anatomic reduction and removal of interposed tissue may be necessary to improve joint alignment, it does not reduce the incidence of PPC and may increase the need for subsequent surgeries.