SummaryBackgroundThe aim of the study was to identify the number of root canals and examine root canal morphology of permanent mandibular incisors in an Indian sub-population of Pune, Maharashtra, India using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).Material/MethodsThis study was conducted at Elite CBCT & Dental Diagnostics, Pune. One hundred mandibular incisors were evaluated for the number of root, root canals and root morphology.ResultsIn the present study, amongst 102 mandibular incisors, all had one root, 36% of them had a second canal, and Vertucci Type I was the most common type.ConclusionsCBCT imaging is an excellent method for detection of different canal configurations of mandibular incisors.

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Aim:The aim of this study is to determine the etiology, frequency of mandibular fractures among different age and sex, to determine the frequency of anatomic distribution, and to report the different modalities of treatment provided to the patients reported at our institution from February 2008 to September 2009.Materials and Methods:All patients fulfilling the selection criteria and having mandible fracture were selected for the study. Patient information was collected by means of a medical data form specifically designed for the present study. The values were subjected to Z and Chi-square tests.Results:Out of 35 patients, thirty one were males (88.57%) and four were females (11.43%) with a male:female ratio of 8:1. We found a peak occurrence in young adults, aged 21-30 years (n = 15, 42.86%). In case of etiology of fracture, road traffic accidents (RTAs) was the most common (n = 25, 71.43%) and condyle was most frequently involved site (n = 19, 38.78%). In most (n = 16, 45.71%) of the patients, an open reduction and rigid internal fixation using bone plate and screws was done.Conclusion:In the present study, the prevalence of mandible fractures was more prevalent in male patients, especially during the 3rd decade of life. The most common cause was road traffic accident and the more frequently affected region was condyle of the mandible. Open reduction and rigid internal fixation using miniplates and screws was the most commonly used treatment.

Of all the neurogenic tumors, about half are seen in the head and neck region. Schwannomas are benign tumors of nerve sheath schwann cells and are quite uncommon in the oral cavity, rarely occurring in the lip area. A MEDLINE search in the English literature from 1969 to 2013 revealed only 20 documented cases of schwannomas of the lip.Although rare, schwannoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any nodule or mass in the oral mucosa. In the current study, authors report a case of an intraoral schwannoma situated in the lower lip. The diagnosis was established based on clinical and histopathological aspects, which was treated by complete surgical excision.

Salivary gland calculi account for the most common disease of salivary glands. The majority of sialoliths occur in submandibular gland or its duct and they are a common cause of acute and chronic infections. This case report describes an asymptomatic patient presenting with a large submandibular duct sialolith, the subsequent non surgical management of the patient along with etiology, diagnosis and various treatment modalities available for the treatment of salivary gland calculi depending on their site and size