ObjectivesThe aim of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the desensitizing and remineralizing effect of a new zinc‐hydroxyapatite‐based paste in sites affected by molar–incisor hypomineralization (MIH), by assessing dental sensitivity, tooth wear, and periodontal indexes.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐five patients with presence of 1 enamel demineralization of permanent molars and incisors in two different quadrants were recruited. After professional dental hygiene, a domiciliary hydroxyapatite‐based paste was assigned and recommended to be applied on 2 MIH teeth in one random quadrant (test group), while the 2 contralateral MIH teeth did not undergo paste application (control group). The following primary outcomes were assessed: Plaque Control Record (PCR), Bleeding Index (BI), MIH Treatment Need Index (MIH‐TNI), and Schiff Air Index (SAI).ResultsNo significant inter‐ and intragroup differences were found for PI and BI, except for both intragroup T0–T1. For MIH‐TNI, significant intergroup differences were detectable in the test group after 9 months of treatment. For SAI values, no significant differences were found in the control group, while in the test group, significant lower values were found after 1 and 3 months since baseline, respectively.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceBiomimetic zinc‐hydroxyapatite showed a desensitizing effect when used to treat MIH.

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While prior research establishes that youth who experience family problems are more likely to leave home before reaching adulthood, we know less regarding how peer victimization in the form of bullying may influence youths' likelihood of becoming runaways. Youth often run away from home to escape family conflict or abusive home environments. Mental illness, behavioral problems, and delinquent peers are also powerful forces predicting the likelihood of running away from home. Additionally, recent literature suggests that negative experiences at school may increase youths' decisions to leave home prematurely. In this article, I review literature that addresses who runs away from home, including variations by age, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender, family structure, mental health, problem behaviors, and peer networks. I also suggest directions for future research, including an approach that considers how families and schools individually and collectively affect youths' likelihood of running away from home. Finally, I recommend a focus on bully victimization to better understand how victimization outside of the family affects the likelihood that youth will become runaways.

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