The results confirmed that insulin resistance is present in many obese children and adolescents, and that this condition is associated with alterations that represent an increased risk for developing metabolic disorders in adulthood.

Study objectivesThe purpose of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between sleep duration and dietary habits in elderly obese patients treated at an institute of cardiology.MethodsThe fifty-eight volunteers were elderly patients with obesity (classified as obese according to BMI) of both genders, between 60 and 80 years of age. All participants were subjected to assessments of food intake, anthropometry, level of physical activity, and duration of sleep.ResultsThe men had significantly greater weight, height, and waist circumference than women. Sleep durations were correlated with dietary nutrient compositions only in men. We found a negative association between short sleep and protein intake (r = -0.43; p = 0.02), short sleep and monounsaturated fatty acids intake (r = -0.40; p = 0.03), and short sleep and cholesterol dietary intake (r = -0.50; p = 0.01).ConclusionsWe conclude that mainly in men, volunteers that had short sleep duration showed a preference for high energy-density as fatty food, at least in part, may explain the relationship between short sleep duration and the development of metabolic abnormalities.

Objective: To evaluate the presence of insulin resistance and its association with other metabolic abnormalities in obese children and adolescents. Methods: Retrospective study of 220 children and adolescents aged 5-14 years. Anthropometric measurements were performed (weight, height, and waist circumference) and clinical (gender, age, pubertal stage, and degree of obesity) and biochemical (glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, and fractions, triglycerides) data were analyzed. Insulin resistance was identified by the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. The analysis of the differences between the variables of interest and the HOMA-IR quartiles was performed by ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: Insulin resistance was diagnosed in 33.20% of the sample. It was associated with low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; p = 0.044), waist circumference measurement (p = 0.030), and the set of clinical and metabolic (p = 0.000) alterations. Insulin-resistant individuals had higher mean age (p = 0.000), body mass index (BMI; p = 0.000), abdominal circumference (p = 0.000), median triglycerides (p = 0.001), total cholesterol (p ≤ 0.042), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL---C; p ≤ 0.027); and lower HDL-C levels (p = 0.005). There was an increase in mean BMI (p = 0.000), abdominal circumference (p = 0.000), and median DOI se refere ao artigo: http://dx.Insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents 601 triglycerides (p = 0.002) as the values of HOMA -IR increased, with the exception of HDL-C, which decreased (p = 0.001). Those with the highest number of simultaneous alterations were between the second and third quartiles of the HOMA---IR index (p = 0.000). Conclusion: The results confirmed that insulin resistance is present in many obese children and adolescents, and that this condition is associated with alterations that represent an increased risk for developing metabolic disorders in adulthood. Resistência à insulina em crianças e adolescentes obesos ResumoObjetivo: Avaliar a presença de resistência à insulina e sua relação com outras alterações metabólicas, em crianças e adolescentes obesos. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de 220 crianças e adolescentes de 5 a 14 anos. Foram realizadas avaliações antropométricas (peso, estatura e circunferência abdominal), clínicas (sexo, idade, estágio puberal e grau de obesidade) e bioquímicas (glicemia, insulina, colesterol total e frações, triglicerídeos). A resistência à insulina foi identificada pelo índice HOMA-IR. A análise das diferenças entre as variáveis de interesse e os quartis do HOMA-IR foi realizada pelos testes ANOVA ou Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: A resistência à insulina foi diagnosticada em 33,20% da amostra. Associou-se a níveis baixos de HDL-C (p = 0,044), medida da circunferência abdominal aumentada (p = 0,030) e ao conjunto de alterações clínicas e metabólicas (p = 0,000). Os indivíduos resistentes apresentaram maiores médias de idade (p = 0,000), IMC (p = 0,000), medida da circunferência abdominal...