Objective: Evaluating the occurrence of anxiety in pregnant women and the factors associated with its occurrence; comparing the presence of anxiety in each gestational trimester. Method: A descriptive, correlational cross-sectional study. Data were collected from January to May 2013 using the Hospital Anxiety Subscale and a form composed of socioeconomic characterization; gestational anamnesis; life-changing habits and events; preexisting conditions and interpersonal relationships. Results: A total of 209 pregnant women from a municipality in the south of Minas Gerais, Brazil, participated in the study. Anxiety was present in 26.8% of the pregnant women, being more frequent in the third trimester (42.9%). Occupation (p=0.04), complications in previous pregnancies (p=0.00), history of miscarriage risk of preterm birth (p=0.05), maternal desire regarding the pregnancy (p=0.01), number of abortions (p=0.02), number of cigarettes smoked daily (p=0.00) and drug use (p=0.01) were statistically associated with the occurrence of anxiety during pregnancy. Conclusion: Anxiety occurred frequently during pregnancy. Understanding the factors associated with its occurrence allows for elaborating preventive measures in prenatal care.
Article linked to the investigation: Assessment of anxiety and depression during pregnancy. Subventions: Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG). Conflicts of interest: none.Received on: August 18, 2015. Objetivo. Evaluar la incidencia de la depresión en el embarazo y cuáles con los factores asociados. Métodos. Estudio epidemiológico, cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, correlacional, realizado de enero a mayo de 2013, con 209 mujeres embarazadas en la ciudad de Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brasil. La recolección de datos utilizó la subescala de depresión del instrumento a Escala Hospitalaria de Ansiedad y Depresión (HADS) creado por Zigmond y Snaith, y una forma de caracterización de los participantes. Resultados. La depresión estaba presente en el 14.8% de las mujeres embarazadas, siendo más frecuente en el segundo trimestre. La depresión en el embarazo se asoció significativamente con el número de nacimientos, así como con el número de niños. A su vez, la depresión también se relacionó con otros factores como el apoyo familiar, la cantidad de cigarrillos fumados por día, el consumo de alcohol, el uso de medicamentos diarios, antecedentes de trastorno mental, la presencia de eventos marcantes en los últimos 12 meses y la historia de la violencia doméstica. Conclusión. La evaluación de la depresión mostró que este trastorno es común en el embarazo y el riesgo es mayor entre las mujeres embarazadas por primera vez, que consumen alcohol, usan diariamente medicamentos, tienen una historial de trastorno mental, y han experimentado eventos marcantes en los últimos 12 meses y han sufrido violencia doméstica. El conocimiento de los factores asociados a su aparición permite la adopción temprana de intervenciones para controlar la salud mental de las mujeres durante el embarazo al impedir que éste y otros trastornos puedan afectar su desarrollo normal y el posterior parto.
Objective:to analyze the relation between resilience and demographic variables, quality of life and symptoms of depression in elderlies attended at a Geriatric Outpatient Clinic.Method:analytical cross-sectional study, conducted with 148 elderlies, with a questionnaire of sociodemographic and health characterization, the Resilience Scale, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Bref, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Old, and the Center for Epidemiologic Survey - Depression Scale. Descriptive statistics, Student’s t-test and Pearson correlation were used for data analysis.Results:there was a positive correlation between resilience and schooling (r = 0.208; p = 0.010), income (r = 0.194; p = 0.017), the World Health Organization Quality of Life Bref (r = 0.242; p = 0.003), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Old (r = 0.522; p <0.001), and negative correlation regarding symptoms of depression (r = -0.270; p = 0.001).Conclusion:Resilience presented relation to schooling, income, quality of life and symptoms of depression in the elderly. These results are expected to help the multidisciplinary team plan actions aimed at developing resilience towards the promotion of health and good quality of life in old age.
RESUMO O objetivo do artigo é propor um modelo teórico sobre o construto risco de depressão na gravidez como parte inicial do processo de construção e validação da Escala de Risco de Depressão na Gravidez. Trata-se de um estudo teórico baseado na metodologia preconizada por Pasquali, a qual estabelece quatro etapas para a elaboração do modelo teórico: sistema psicológico, propriedade do sistema psicológico, dimensionalidade, definição do constructo. Na primeira etapa, o objeto psicológico foi definido como “risco de depressão na gravidez”. Posteriormente, “depressão na gravidez” foi definida como propriedade do sistema psicológico. Na terceira etapa, a dimensionalidade foi estabelecida por meio dos antecedentes e consequentes da depressão na gravidez, entendidos como seus fatores de risco e suas consequências, respectivamente. Na quarta etapa, foi estabelecida a definição constitutiva e operacional do constructo risco de depressão na gravidez. A elaboração do modelo teórico avançou ao abordar o risco de depressão na gravidez como processo que articula variados conceitos em que se inserem antecedentes e consequentes promotores de repercussões na saúde da gestante; e contribuiu para a elaboração de uma escala inédita.
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