Neutrophils play an important role in the pathogenesis of complications of diabetes mellitus. The aim of the study was to evaluate the metabolism of neutrophiles activation markers during the colonization of E. coli endotoxin in order to determine their potential role in the treatment of 2-type diabetes complicated and non-complicated with the diabetic foot syndrome and to evaluate production of peroxide anions by stimulated and non-stimulated neutrophils depending on the exposition time. 54 patients were divided into 3 groups (15 healthy volunteers -control group (1), group 2 -17 patients with 2-type non-complicated diabetes group 3 -22 patients with diabetes and diabetic foot syndrome). Blood samples from all subjects were examined. Results show significant differences of E.coli endotoxin influence on metabolism of neutrophiles in study groups. Production of peroxide anions by non-stimulated neutrophils in 20 th minute of the experiment was 15 times higher in the group with no diabetic foot and 18 times higher in the group with diabetic foot as compared to the control group. Production of peroxide anions produced by neutrophils increased significantly with the exposure time. The results correspond to data in the literature, that suggest, that type, time of exposition and concentration of pathogens may significantly interfere with neutrophiles activity in the course of diabetes.