In the present study, we sought to elucidate the effect of miR-145 on glioma cell progression and its mechanisms of action. We examined the effects of miR-145 on proliferation and invasion of U87 glioma cells and on capillary tube formation. Our data show that restoration of miR-145 in U87 glioma cells significantly reduced their in vitro proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis. However, decreased miR-145 expression promoted U87 glioma cell proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis, and reduced-expression of miR-145 increased ADAM17 and EGFR expression in U87 cells. Overexpression of miR-145 reduced ADAM17 and EGFR expression. VEGF secretion and VEGF expression were decreased by increased miR-145 expression in U87 cells and were reversed by miR-145 down-regulation in vitro. Nude mice with intracerebral implantation of U87 overexpressing miR-145 cells exhibited significantly reduced tumor growth and promoted survival compared with control groups. Taken together, these results suggest a role for miR-145 as a tumor suppressor which inhibits glioma cell proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis in vitro and reduces glioma growth in vivo.

Countless hours of research and studies on triazine, phosphonate, and their combination have provided insightful information into their flame retardant properties on polymeric systems. However, a limited number of studies shed light on the mechanism of flame retardancy of their combination on cotton fabrics. The purpose of this research is to gain an understanding of the thermal degradation process of two triazine-phosphonate derivatives on cotton fabric. The investigation included the preparation of diethyl 4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-ylphosphonate (TPN1) and dimethyl (4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazin-2-yloxy) methyl phosphonate (TPN3), their application on fabric materials, and the studies of their thermal degradation mechanism. The studies examined chemical components in both solid and gas phases by using attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier transform infrared (TGA-FTIR) spectroscopy, and 31 P solid state nuclear magnetic resonance ( 31 P solid state NMR), in addition to the computational studies of bond dissociation energy (BDE). Despite a few differences in their decomposition, TPN1 and TPN3 produce one common major product that is believed to help reduce the flammability of the fabric.

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