The risk of diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease is high among South-Asian population. In this study, our objective was to measure blood glucose level during acute coronary syndrome of previously known nondiabetic patients that will give the information about the frequency of acute hyperglycemia in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) among Bangladeshi population. It is an observational cross sectional study performed in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH). A total of 248 non-diabetic subjects with ACS got admitted into hospital. Fasting blood glucose (FBS) and standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT ) within 3 days of ACS were done. This study was done to find out glucose abnormalities among ACS patients. Out of 248 study population, 135 (54.44%) had glucose abnormalities. Male was 87.10% (216). Among male, IGT (prediabetic) was 31.94% (69) and diabetic 24.54% (53). Mean age (±SD) of our study population was 51.71±11.84 years. Normal glucose tolerance (NGT) was found in 45.6% (113) cases, IGT (prediabetic) and diabetic were detected among 30.6% (76) and 23.8% (59) cases respectively. Non-diabetic Bangladeshi patients showed a high prevalence of hyperglycemia in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We should create awareness about a new risk factor- acute hyperglycemia during acute coronary syndrome and take appropriate and effective measures to reduce morbidity as well as mortality as a consequence of acute hyperglycemia during ACS with or without diabetes.KYAMC Journal Vol. 7, No.-1, Jul 2016, Page 697-699

Background and Objectives: Early diagnosis of clinical chorioamnionitis (ChAm) in patients with premature rupture of membrane (PROM) is essential for its prompt treatment with antibiotics. Amniocentesis may be used to detect subclinical infections in cases of PROM. But the procedure is an invasive one. The present study was undertaken to study the role of plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) in the prediction of clinical chorioamnionitis in case of PROM. Materials & Methods The cross-sectional study was carried out in the of Departments of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Khulna Medical College Hospital, Khulna over a period 1 year from July 2014 to June 2015. A total of 90 clinically diagnosed cases of PROM (rupture of the membrane with release of the amniotic fluid more than 1 hour prior to the onset of labor) were consecutively included in the study based on predefined enrolment criteria. Clinical ChAm is defined by findings such as leukocytosis [WBC count, >15,000/µL, fetal tachycardia, maternal fever (temperature, >100.4°F), fundal or uterine tenderness, or foul-smelling amniotic fluid]. A CRP value of > 10 mg/L was considered as raised or positive CRP. The risk of developing clinical ChAm in patients with raised CRP was then estimated by computing the Odds ratio. Result: The mean age of the women with PROM was 23.9 years. The patients presented with fundal or uterine tenderness (10%), raised maternal temperature (8.9%), foetal tachycardia (10%), maternal tachycardia (13.3%), foul smelling amniotic fluid (6.7%). Over half (52.2%) of the patients were preterm PROM and the rest were term PROM. Positive CRP was found in 16.7% cases. Raised WBC count and raised ESR were found in 11.1 and 33.3% cases respectively. Over two-thirds (70%) who developed clinical chorioamnionitis had raised CRP as opposed to 10% of those who did not develop the condition. The risk of having raised CRP in patients who developed clinical chorioamnionitis was > 20-fold (4.5 - 97.7) higher than those who did not develop the condition (p < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of CRP in diagnosing and ruling out chorioamnionitis respectively in cases of PROM were 70% and 90% respectively. The positive and negative predictive values of the test are 46.7% and 96% respectively. Conclusion: The study concluded that a substantial proportion of the PROM cases with clinical chorioamnionitis is manifested with raised CRP compared to PROM cases without chorioamnionitis. However, CRP is moderately sensitive to diagnose chorioamnionitis and highly specific to rule out the condition in cases with PROM. Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2014; 4(2): 26-31

Background & objective: Passage of meconium in the amniotic fluid during labor has long been considered as fetal compromise resulting from fetal hypoxia or increased vagal activity from cord compression. It is also a sign of normal gastrointestinal tract maturation under neuronal control. However, presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid is traditionally viewed as unfavorable perinatal outcome. So, the present study was contemplated to find the association between grade of meconium during labor and perinatal outcome. Methods: The present prospective study was conducted in the North Bengal Medical College, Sirajganj between January 2016 – April 2017. Based on predefined criteria, 53 singleton pregnant women with meconium-stained liquor (MSL) on spontaneous or artificial rupture of membrane after 37 completed weeks of gestation were included in the study. Meconium-stained liquor was graded as “Thick” if the fluid was dark green in colour, viscous, tenacious, opalescent or opaque containing large amount of particulate materials and “Thin” if the fluid was translucent, light yellow green in colour without particulate material. The perinatal outcome was evaluated in terms of APGAR score of neonates at 1 and at 5 minutes of birth, NICU admission, resuscitation needed, jaundice and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) due to meconium aspiration. Asphyxia neonatorum was diagnosed if APGAR at birth and/or at 5 minutes was < 7. All the outcomes were then compared between mothers forming ‘Thick’ and ‘Thin’ meconium cohort. Result: Of the 53 meconium-stained liquor, nearly half (49%) was with ‘Thick’ meconium and the half (51%) was with ‘Thin’ meconium. Approximately 85% of the neonates were delivered by lower uterine caesarean section (LUCS) and 80% of the neonates were asphyxiated at birth which reduced to 15.1% at 5 minutes. More than three-quarters (75.5%) of the neonates required resuscitation and 28.3% had respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). The incidences of asphyxia neonatorum, resuscitation needed and RDS were significantly higher in ‘Thick’ meconium cohort than those in ‘Thin’ meconium cohort with risks of having these conditions in the former cohort being 6(95% CI = 1.1–31.2), 4.5(95% CI = 1.1–18.9) and 4.2(95% CI = 1.1–15.7) times higher respectively than those in the latter cohort (p = 0.021, p = 0.031 and p = 0.026 respectively). Conclusion: Majority of the neonates born of mothers with thick meconium cohort are asphyxiated, need resuscitation and/or develop RDS. Asphyxia neonatorum, need for resuscitation and RDS are significantly higher in ‘Thick’ meconium cohort than those in ‘Thin’ meconium cohort with risks of having these conditions in the former cohort being several times higher than those in the latter cohort. Ibrahim Card Med J 2019; 9 (1&2): 67-73

Aim: Bangladesh is a densely populated country where approximately 1,260 people are living per square kilometer. The Ministry of Health of Bangladesh and different Non-Governmental Organizations are providing free contraceptive methods, and for its availability now, our total fertility rate (TFR) is reduced to 2.3. However, due to ignorance and reluctance, family planning utilization is yet suboptimal, especially that of long-term and irreversible methods; and thus, an unexpected, as well as unplanned pregnancy is increasing at a pace. Due to the availability of over-the-counter (OTC) abortifacient drugs like misoprostol and mifepristone (MM) kit in our country, people are consuming unsupervised not only the wrong dose but also in a wrong gestational age. Thus, unsafe abortion is highly increasing, although most of these women know about different types of regular contraceptive methods. In this study, our aim was to observe the trends of using contraception, especially the long-term methods and its drawback. Methods and materials: The study design was accepted by the Ethical Review Committee of Combined Military Hospital (CMH) of Bogura. In total, 32,629 women were enrolled in the present study. This retrograde observational study was conducted from July 2017 to June 2019 in four hospitals/clinics-CMH of Bogura, Thengamara Mahila Shobuj Shangha (TMSS) Medical College and Hospital, Mary Stopes Clinic (MSC), and Shurjer Hashi Clinic (SHC). These centers were selected purposively as they have distinct family planning section as well as they maintain well-structured data. Different parameters were compared between 2017 and 2018. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS (version 10), and the result that is lower than or equal to 0.05 has been signified as "statistically significant. " Results: Among the different contraceptions like short-acting methods [oral contraceptive pill (OCP), condom, and injectable hormones] and long-acting methods [intrauterine contraception device (IUCD) and implant] and permanent methods (tubectomy and vasectomy), the study observed that in CMH of Bogura, the number of OCP and condom users have significantly increased in 2018 compared to that of 2017, and the p-value is 0.047 and 0.039, respectively. In 2018, IUCD users are significantly reduced (p = 0.0001) in CMH of Bogura, compared to the previous year, whereas in other hospitals/clinics, the outcome is nonsignificant. In the case of implant users, the number is almost similar in all the centers (for TMSS, p = 0.063; SHC, p = 0.25; MSC, p = 0.71), but surprisingly in CMH of Bogura, no users were found in both years. For the injectable users, it significantly increased in MSC (p = 0.005) but significantly decreased in TMSS (p = 0.043), whereas it slightly decreased in CMH of Bogura (p = 0.13) and SHC (p = 0.226). The use of OCP was significantly increased in MSC (0.01) and CMH of Bogura (p = 0.047), whereas it was significantly reduced in SHC (p = 0.008). In TMSS and CMH of Bogura, the condom users were significantly increased (p = 0.035...