Postoperative adhesions (POA) are postsurgical fibrinolytic connections that can cause complications, and alternative materials have drawn attention to their prevention. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of andiroba oil in preventing POA in the uterus and ovaries of sheep. Sixteen female Santa Inês adult sheep were randomly divided into two groups, a control group (CCG) with eight of them submitted to surgical trauma caused by bipolar diathermy in the uterine horn and right ovary without treatment to prevent POA and another group (AAG) with another eight ewes that underwent the same trauma, but were treated with the application of andiroba oil on the traumatized surfaces. Fifteen days after surgical trauma, the occurrence of POA and laparoscopic adesiolysis were evaluated. The bipolar diathermy was able to cause POA in 75% of the sheep. Bipolar diathermy caused POA in 100% of the CCG ewes and 50% of the AAG ewes. In CCG animals with adherence, in 25% of them, it was possible to perform adhesiolysis partially. Andiroba oil did not completely prevent the formation of postoperative adhesions in the uterus and ovaries of sheep, but it did prevent the formation of dense adhesions, facilitating laparoscopic adhesiolysis.