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Industry is going through a transformation phase, enabling automation and data exchange in manufacturing technologies and processes, and this transformation is called Industry 4.0. Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT) applications require real-time processing, near-by storage, ultra-low latency, reliability and high data rate, all of which can be satisfied by fog computing architecture. With smart devices expected to grow exponentially, the need for an optimized fog computing architecture and protocols is crucial. Therein, efficient, intelligent and decentralized solutions are required to ensure real-time connectivity, reliability and green communication. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of methods and techniques in fog computing. Our focus is on fog infrastructure and protocols in the context of IIoT applications. This article has two main research areas: In the first half, we discuss the history of industrial revolution, application areas of IIoT followed by key enabling technologies that act as building blocks for industrial transformation. In the second half, we focus on fog computing, providing solutions to critical challenges and as an enabler for IIoT application domains. Finally, open research challenges are discussed to enlighten fog computing aspects in different fields and technologies.

Signature-based Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) monitor network traffic for security threats by scanning packet payloads for attack signatures. IDSs have to run at wire speed and need to be configurable to protect against emerging attacks. In this paper we consider the problem of string matching which is the most computationally intensive task in IDS. A configurable string matching accelerator is developed with the focus on increasing throughput while maintaining the configurability provided by the software IDSs. Our preliminary results suggest that the hardware accelerator offers an overall system performance of up to 14Gbps.