AIM:We report an unusual case of a male weightlifter with upper extremity venous thrombosis.CASE PRESENTATION:Thrombosis affecting subclavian-axillo-humeral venous trunk produced by the compression of these veins by the trained muscles of the shoulder girdle (Paget-Schroetter syndrome) has been reported. During the study, a renal carcinoma was detected. Renal carcinoma has rarely been associated with thrombosis in the upper extremities.CONCLUSION:This case shows the importance of performing a complete study to rule out malignancies in patients with unusual venous thromboembolism.