Anode‐less lithium metal batteries (ALMBs), whether employing liquid or solid electrolytes, have significant advantages such as lowered costs and increased energy density over lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Among many issues, dendrite growth and non‐uniform plating which results in poor coulombic efficiency are the key issues that viciously decrease the longevity of the ALMBs. As a result, lowering the nucleation barrier and facilitating lithium growth towards uniform plating is even more critical in ALMBs. While extensive reviews have focused to describe strategies to achieve high performance in LMBs and ALMBs, this review focuses on strategies designed to directly facilitate nucleation and growth of dendrite‐free ALMBs. The review begins with a discussion of the primary components of ALMBs, followed by a brief theoretical analysis of the nucleation and growth mechanism for ALMBs. The review then emphasizes key examples for each strategy in order to highlight the mechanisms and rationale that facilitate lithium plating. By comparing the structure and mechanisms of key materials, the review discusses their benefits and drawbacks. Finally, major trends and key findings are summarized, as well as an outlook on the scientific and economic gaps in ALMBs.

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Membranous nephropathy is the most common pathologic lesion in adult patients with nephrotic syndrome. The cause is idiopathic, and the pathogenesis is believed to involve the deposition of immune complexes in the subepithelial tissue of the glomerular capillaries. After a period of 5 to 10 years, one-third of patients with membranous nephropathy will develop spontaneous remission, one-third will develop sustained proteinuria, and one-third will experience progression to chronic renal disease. Proteinuria may recur in patients who are in complete remission; this has been reported in approximately 26% of patients during an average of 89 months. To date, however, recurrence of membranous nephropathy has not been reported in patients who have been in complete remission for ≥ 20 years. We report herein such a case. Membranous nephropathy may recur in adult patients who are currently in the remission stage. Ongoing follow-up is therefore required, even after several years of complete remission.

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