EUROPEAN research universities are facing a constant process of decline in the English writing and publishing skills of students against an ever-increasing pressure for research publications. This article presents the development and assessment of efficiency of an English academic writing (AW) programme implemented at Babeş-Bolyai University, a Romanian research-focused university, by offering insights into the following: (a) an intervention programme for English AW integrating formal writing across and in the disciplines (AID) modules with informal writing skills, and writing and publishing career development modules; (b) perceived and assessed efficiency of the programme; and (c) opportunities and challenges encountered at the institutional level. The intervention targeted doctoral students from different disciplines, and doctoral schools and with/without previous writing experience. This article not only suggests viable strategies to address the learning needs, challenges and opportunities of doctoral students at the institutional level, but also discusses the way in which the intervention is perceived in terms of efficiency and methodological approach. Designing the intervention: description of the moduleAcademic writing programmes in English are dedicated to improve professional performance at the MD or Ph D level, where research results should be rapidly put into practice 1-3 . Meanwhile, institutions are interested in developing such programmes to increase the publishing rate and assure international visibility of the research results 4 . The targeted academic writing skills required structured training programmes as they cannot be otherwise osmotically acquired 5,6 . As a result, several strategies have been developed, such as programmes based on the learners and their learning needs [7][8][9] or those that can be delivered to a non-selected group based on discipline, as writing in the disciplines requires specific conventions, is epistemological, and aims to acquire social practices 10,11 and combined approaches 12 . The AW programme structure relies on the shared purpose of writing and community discourse conventions as well as on the existing teaching traditions at the institutional level 9,10,13 . Before designing the programme structure, the learning needs of the doctoral students were analysed with the help of a questionnaire and focus group. A 16-item questionnaire was developed based on the tools that have been used in the field of academic writing 14 , but are adapted to the specificity of the doctoral students in the target group whose second language is English. The rationale for the programme design was partially based on direct observations and conclusions drawn from hands-on experience for Ph D candidates at Babeş-Bolyai University. As part of its own development strategy, the university applied for structural and cohesion funds available at that time through the SOPHRD 2007-2013. Hundreds of doctoral candidates in three consecutive cohorts (i.e. 2008, 2009 and 2010 enrolment) in natural ...

Specialized analysts put a special emphasis on the significant role that fiscal policy lies within macroeconomic policies. Analytical assumption from which I started is that the room for maneuver available to operate fiscal policy as a macroeconomic stabilizer vector turns out to be limited by the threshold of budget deficit. Experts reiterates that, in recent decades, the budget deficit has become a feature of national economies, observing a worrying increase of this indicator. The point on which I intend to reflect in this paper is that the budget deficit taken itself, is not a sufficient and relevant indicator for assessing the sustainability of fiscal policy. It is increasingly clear that a way of separating the effects determined by the changes in discretionary economic policy from the effects of the business cycle is to determine the structural budget deficit. The importance of this indicator is derived from the fact that allows to obtain a clean view on the tax situation of an economy, undistorted by the influence of the economic cycle.

The smart agriculture domain refers to the usage of technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), sensors, location systems, robots and Artificial Intelligence implemented on farms. The goal is to increase the quality and quantity of crop production while motivating viticulturists to implement new technologies as well as streamline production costs. The study's purpose is to monitor environmental conditions (soil temperature and humidity, air temperature and humidity) and to analyse diseased leaves from the vineyard using an intelligent, integrated decision support system for vineyard management that is based on the IoT end-to-end solution. This method suggests placing IoT sensors inside wine crops to measure environmental conditions, which are then sent and stored in the Cloud. Also, an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is used to capture images containing healthy and diseased leaves (powdery mildew, downy mildew, gray rot) from various regions of the vineyard. These images are analysed by implementing a Machine Learning algorithm that detects the state of the leaf. Following the analysis, the results are presented as graphs and charts, allowing the viticulturist to proceed with the necessary actions.

No abstract

Relația dintre venituri și productivitatea muncii în industria textilăVeniturile și productivitatea muncii sunt indicatori economici importanți, relațiile dintre acestea fiind analizate de economiști, angajatori și factorii de decizie. Relația dintre venituri și productivitatea muncii este importantă pentru fiecare regiune sau sector economic, deoarece aceasta influențează standardul de viață și distribuția veniturilor între muncă și capital. Lucrarea analizează legătura dintre salariul mediu brut și productivitatea muncii din industria textilă în perioada 2005-2016, în România. Rezultatele analizei evidențiază că există o corelație pozitivă, dar moderată, între salariul mediu brut și productivitatea muncii. În acest scop, au fost utilizate metodele statistico-econometrice pentru a verifica normalitatea distribuției seriilor de date și existența unei corelații între indicatorii analizați.Cuvinte-cheie: câștig, eficiență, industria textilă, câștiguri salariale medii brute, productivitate during 2005-2016 in Romania. The results of the analysis show that there is a positive, but moderate correlation between gross average earning and labor productivity. For this purpose were used statistical-econometric methods to verify the normality of data series distribution and the existence of a correlation between the indicators analyzed. The relationship between earnings and labour productivity in textile industry Earnings and labor productivity are important economic indicators, the relationship between them being analyzed by economists, employers and policy makers. The relationship between earnings and labor productivity is important for each region or economic sector, because it influences the living standard and the distribution of income between labor and capital. This paper analyzes the link between gross average earning and labor productivity in the textile industry