No abstract

Ethanol extract of Eleutherococcus senticosus Maxim. was discreetly examined as regards its effect on the maximal working capacity of man, using six male adolescents. Single, blind, cross-over studies were conducted where the extract treatment was compared with no treatment and with placebo treatment. Significant increase was noted in all four parameters recorded in the tests due to extract administration. Especially striking was 23. 3% increase in total work due to the extract compared with only 7.5% rise due to the placebo. This increase in total work seemed to be partially attributable to the improvement of subject's bodily oxygen metabolism that was reflected in the increase in maximal oxygen uptake and that in maximal oxygen pulse.

No abstract

This review deals with the effects of composition of infant formulas on the intestinal microflora of infants.The addition of bifidus factor, such as lactulose and mucin, works effectively to stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria, lower pH values and raise the lysozyme activity in the feces of bottle-fed infants.Also, low buffering capacity resultant from reducing the protein and phosphorus content in the formula contributes to the predominance of bifidobacteria.These facts indicate that the addition of bifidus factor and low buffering capacity play a significant role to resemble the fecal microflora of bottle-fed infants to that of breast-fed infants through the enhancing multiplication of bifidobacteria, though the ratio of bifidobacteria count to total anaerobic bacteria count in bottle-fed infants is still lower than that in breast-fed infants.