Background Interorgan communication networks established during exercise in several different tissues can be mediated by several exercise-induced factors. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of resistance-type training using elastic band-induced changes of myomiRs (i.e., miR-206 and miR-133), vitamin D, CTX-I, ALP, and FRAX® score in elderly women with osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO). Methods In this randomized controlled trial, 63 women (aged 65–80 years) with Osteosarcopenic Obesity were recruited and assessed, using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry instrument. The resistance-type training via elastic bands was further designed three times per week for 12-weeks. The main outcomes were Fracture Risk Assessment Tool score, bone mineral content, bone mineral density, vitamin D, alkaline phosphatase, C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen, expression of miR-206 and miR-133. Results There was no significant difference between the study groups in terms of the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool score (p = 0.067), vitamin D (p = 0.566), alkaline phosphatase (p = 0.334), C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (p = 0.067), microR-133 (p = 0.093) and miR-206 (p = 0.723). Conclusion Overall, the results of this study illustrated 12-weeks of elastic band resistance training causes a slight and insignificant improvement in osteoporosis markers in women affected with Osteosarcopenic Obesity. Trial registration Randomized controlled trial (RCT) (Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, trial registration number: IRCT20180627040260N1. Date of registration: 27/11/2018.

Femoral and tibia fractures are considered the most common fractures in long bone fractures. Mummy is traditionally used to treat fractures. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of mummy on tibia and femoral bone healing in patients referred to Kashani Hospital in Shahrekord, Iran. In this noninterventional cohort study, the population consists of patients that were referred to Kashani Hospital in Shahrekord, Iran, and the sample size was 138 patients which were randomly selected from the study population. At the start of the study, the patient's history and demographic data were taken, radiography film was prepared and their pain was measured using visual analogue scale (VAS). Patients received appropriate treatment, which was followed by taking of their radiography film on weekly bases (weeks 1, 4, 8 and 12 post treatment). After data collection, data were detected in two groups: case group (the patients that used mummies) and observed group (the patients that did not use mummies). The collected data were analyzed using statistical software. According to patients' radiographies, improvement rate in the case group was better than that in the observed group (control), and this difference was statistically significant in weeks 8, 12 and 20 of post treatments (P < 0.05). The pain level was less in the case group as compared to the control group in the first week of post treatment (P < 0.05). Mean age for patients in the case and control groups was 58.73 ± 8.50 and 56.07 ± 8.14 (P > 0.05), respectively. Based on the results of this investigation, mummy is a traditional drug used from ancient times to improve fracture healing.

Increased lumbopelvic motion during limb movements' tests was reported in low back pain (LBP) patients with and without rotational demand activities. The aim of this study was to compare lumbopelvic movement pattern between two groups of LBP patients with and without rotational demand activity during active hip external rotation test. Thirty nine patients with non-specific chronic LBP participated in this study. Patients were allocated into two groups, in first group 15 subjects (mean age ¼ 31:5 years) with rotational demand activities such as tennis, squash and golf, and in second group 24 subjects (mean age ¼ 31:2) without rotational demand activities participated in current study. Kinematic data from lumbopelvic-hip region during active hip external rotation test (AHER) were collected by a 3D motion analysis system. Variables including range of motion (ROM) of hip external rotation, pelvic rotation, pelvic rotation during first half of hip rotation motion and timing of pelvic-hip movement were calculated by MATLAB software for both sides and after this, independent t-test was used to compare the variables between 2 groups of study. The mean lumbopelvic rotation in lower extremities tests for both sides and lumbopelvic rotation in the dominant limb external J. Mech. Med. Biol. Downloaded from www.worldscientific.com by UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND on 06/21/16. For personal use only. rotation test in the patients with rotational demand activities were significantly more than other group (p < 0:05). During dominant lower limb movement test, pelvic rotation in first half of movement and in patients with rotational activities was greater than in non-rotational group but hip rotation was statistically lesser than other group (p < 0:05). Other variables between the two groups were not significantly different (p > 0:05). The result of the study suggest that LBP patients who have rotational demand sports activities may move their lumbopelvic region in a greater magnitude during the AHER test than LBP people without rotational demand activities. Therefore, Lumbopelvic movement pattern in the different groups of the patients with LBP and based on their specific activities is different with each other.

The current study aimed to compare the rhythm of complex lumbopelvic-hip movements in subjects with and without low back pain (LBP) during an active hip internal rotation (AHIR) test. Fifteen professional athletes with LBP were recruited in this analytical study and were compared with 20 age-sex matched healthy people with no history of sports-related rotational movements. A 3D optoelectronic motion analysis system recorded the kinematics of all subjects during an AHIR in the prone position. The outcome measures included the values of hip and pelvic rotation across the test, pelvic rotation during the first half of the test and timing of hip/pelvic rotation in the transverse plane. Then, variables were compared between the two groups. The amount of internal hip rotation of the lower extremities, pelvic rotation in either first half of the pathway or throughout whole path length were all significantly higher in subjects with LBP than the healthy group ([Formula: see text]). Additionally, subjects with LBP showed an earlier movement of the lumbopelvic area than healthy group during the task. Asymmetric movement was seen between the right and left sides of the subjects with LBP for lower limb and hip internal rotation (HIR) ROM. The results demonstrated that the athletes with LBP who use more repetitive movements of their trunk and lower extremities during sports, show increased tendency of lumbopelvic rotation motion during AHIR test.