Objective: The present study aims to estimate the prevalence of heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HF-PEF) in patients with HF. The study also compares their clinical characteristics with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction among Saudi out patients. Methods: A Cross sectional, observational study was conducted by recruiting heart failure patients, who had an echocardiography within one year and the left ventricular ejection fraction >45%. The case report forms monitored for source documentation and accuracy. Results: The population sample included 26% women; with mean age 58 ±10 years (range 32 to 82). Of these patients, 66 did not have an EF measurement. Of the 330 patients with EF values, 168 had an EF of >45% and were classified as having HF-PEF and 162 had an EF < 45% and were classified as having HF-REF. Calcium channel blocker, thiazides diuretic and ARBs were more frequently used in HF-PEF. Conclusion: The study concluded that there is a need to develop safe and cost-effective methods for screening high-risk patients with multiple risk factors for the early detection and treatment of heart failure.

BackgroundDepression is a severe comorbidity that is often detected in patients with chronic diseases. Poor prognosis may eventuate high mortality risk. Up to 30% of heart failure patients have been documented with depression and the majority upholds depression-related symptoms that may have serious clinical implications, such as hospital readmissions and fatalities. To mitigate depression-induced harms among heart failure patients, studies are being conducted to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and interventions. ObjectivesThe current investigation is envisioned to examine the prevalence of depression and anxiety among the Saudi heart failure population. Also, it will help to explore the risk factors that will subsequently facilitate the analysis of preventive measures. MethodologyThe cross-sectional epidemiologic research was conducted at King Khalid University, Hospital with the recruitment of 205 participants. Each participant underwent a 30-question screening for depression, anxiety, and related risk factors. The "Hospital, Anxiety, and Depression Scale" (HADS score) was used to score subjects for the assessment of both comorbidities. The data points were subsequently analyzed by descriptive statistics and regression analysis. ResultsAmong 205 participants, 137 (66.82%) were male and 68 (33.17%) were female with a mean age of 59.71 years. Our sample reflects a prevalence of 52.7% depression and 56.9% anxiety in Saudi heart failure patients. High depression scores were positively related to age, female gender, hospital readmissions, and pre-existing comorbidities in heart failure patients. ConclusionThe study manifested high depression scores among the Saudi heart failure cohort compared to the previous survey. In addition, a substantial interrelationship of depression and categorical variables has been identified that accentuates predominating risks that can potentially promote depression and anxiety in heart failure patients.