BackgroundKombucha, a fermented tea (KT) is claimed to possess many beneficial properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and histopathological alterations of Kombucha tea and Nitrofurazone on cutaneous full-thickness wounds healing in rat.MethodsIn present study 24 Wister -albino rats weighing 150–200 g were selected and divided to two treatment groups as Nitrofurazone ointment (0.2%) and Kombucha tea. Subsequently, the anesthesia was exerted by Ketamin hydrochloride 10% (40 mg/kg) and Xylasine (2 mg/kg) through intra muscular (IM) route. Furthermore, upon preparation of dorsal region of the animal for surgery, a piece of full-thickness skin removed (2 × 2 cm). In order to comparing wounds healing clinically and histologically, once every four days from the commencement, the wounds were photographed and the healed surface was measured by Scion image software.ResultThe clinical findings indicated that the Kombucha fungus resulted in precipitating healing than Nitrofurazone; however, it was not significant (p > 0.05). In order to pathological comparing of wound healing process, several wound biopsies were taken on 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20th days. Additionally, the histopathological results demonstrated that there was inflammation in Nitrofurazone group through twelveth day, somehow the epithelium was formed and abundant vessels were visible. Although on 16th day and the previous days the healing condition of Kombucha fungus was considered as minimal rate, revealing it is similar to Nitrofurazone group on 20th day.ConclusionsTo wrap up. These observations suggest that the Kombucha fungus healing quality was rapid from 12th day to the end of the research, whereas no significant difference was observed.Virtual slideThe virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1107407136102196

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Background: Salmonella Typhimurium causes gastroenteritis which is characterized by diarrhea. Nowadays, instead of using antibacterial therapies to treat colitis, there is a growing interest in alternative natural products with antibacterial or anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Hyssopus officinalis (Hyssop) and Medicago sativa (Alfalfa), alone and in combination, on salmonella-induced colitis in mice. Methods and results:Graded doses of 50% ethanolic extracts (25, 50, and 75 mg/kg) for 8 days, showed 50 mg/kg for Hyssop and 75 mg/kg for Alfalfa as an optimal effective dose against Salmonella induced colonic damage score which this dosage was further studies in salmonella-induced colitis for other parameters. Our data showed administration of extracts, not only reduced Lipid Peroxidation, myeloperoxidase activity, and nitric oxide levels but also inhibited decreasing of total antioxidant capacity in the colitis group. Also, following oral administration, the extracts had a significant reduction in pro-inflammatory mediators including interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α, which had better results in the Mix group. Moreover, the Hyssop and Mix group decreased the histological score and Cox-2 mRNA expression, while Nrf-2 gene expression in the treatment groups did not show a significant change compared to the colitis group. Conclusions:In conclusion, Oral Hyssop and Alfalfa extracts, alone and in combination, alleviate the symptoms, oxidative stress, and inflammation of salmonella-induced colitis, and combination therapy with Hyssopus officinalis and Medicago sativa may provide a promising dietary approach for the management of acute bacterial colitis.

Background: F Escherichia albertii is generally recognized as a human pathogen with a limited number of strains. It has also been identified as a cause of mortality among birds. The clinical significance and prevalence of E. albertii are somewhat unknown. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to isolate and identify E. albertii as a causative agent of respiratory infections in broilers. Materials and Methods: During a three-month period (Winter 2018), 200 samples of the air sacs of 100 chickens with suspected colibacillosis were collected. Routine biochemical tests were performed and suspected isolates of E. albertii were selected for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: A total of 68 suspected samples of E. albertii and Escherichia coli were isolated. Further, E. coli was detected in all the suspected samples using species-specific sequences of E. coli (uidA) and E. albertii (mdh and lysP). Conclusion: Escherichia albertii was not identified as a cause of respiratory infection in broilers.