The large-scale reverse migration from cities to villages at the start of the COVID-19
pandemic in 2020 and again during the second wave in 2021 highlighted the persistence of
poverty in India. Civil society responses pointed to the pressure that it was under in the
absence of adequate outreach by the state for meeting food, livelihood, and other insecurities
of urban and rural populations. Against this backdrop, the article outlines some of the
challenges facing Social Work and Community Development in addressing poverty and
marginalization. An examination of the relationship between Social Work with the state, and the
contemporary complex neoliberal context for practice, highlights classroom-field tensions in
community organization (CD). In preparing graduates for what appears to be a messy field, an
orderly curriculum, irrespective of how well thought out it may be, struggles to retain
convergence between principles of CD and certain elements of contemporary practice. It emerges
that education for CD needs to build systematically on critical community practice and align
with an anti- oppressive framework, in order to contribute substantively to addressing poverty
and marginalization.
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