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The advent of bioresorbable materials to overcome limitations and replace traditional bone-reconstruction titanium-plate systems for bone fixation, thus achieving greater efficiency and safety in medical and dental applications, has ushered in a new era in biomaterial development. Because of its bioactive osteoconductive ability and biocompatibility, the forged composite of uncalcined/unsintered hydroxyapatite and poly L-lactic acid (u-HA/PLLA) has attracted considerable interest from researchers in bone tissue engineering, as well as from clinicians, particularly for applications in maxillofacial reconstructive surgery. Thus, various in vitro studies, in vivo studies, and clinical trials have been conducted to investigate the feasibility and weaknesses of this biomaterial in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Various technical improvements have been proposed to optimize its advantages and limit its disadvantages. This narrative review presents an up-to-date, comprehensive review of u-HA/PLLA, a bioactive osteoconductive and bioresorbable bone-reconstruction and -fixation material, in the context of oral and maxillofacial surgery, notably maxillofacial trauma, orthognathic surgery, and maxillofacial reconstruction. It simultaneously introduces new trends in the development of bioresorbable materials that could used in this field. Various studies have shown the superiority of u-HA/PLLA, a third-generation bioresorbable biomaterial with high mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and bioactive osteoconductivity, compared to other bioresorbable materials. Future developments may focus on controlling its bioactivity and biodegradation rate and enhancing its mechanical strength.

Introduction : Hemifacial hypertrophy is one of the rare deformities which occur in the craniofacial region. Children who have such deformities are affected not only functionally but also psychologically by the surrounding peer pressure. Treatment in such patients should be carried out as early as possible because of the growth that in present at young age. Hybrid functional appliance helps in correcting the hard and soft tissue imbalance caused by the deformity. This case report describes the treatment modality for the correction of facial deformity using hybrid appliance. A young boy of age 10yrs presented with hemifacial hypertrophy of the right side of the face with chin deviated towards the opposite side because of the excessive growth on right side. He underwent first phase of treatment for the craniofacial deformity for about 4yrs using a Hybrid Myofunctional Appliance. Results: Arch form and dentoalveolar changes were achieved considerably by using hybrid appliance. Chin deviation showed moderate changes with partial correction of the facial asymmetry at the end of first phase of treatment. Conclusion: Achieving an appreciable balance in the alvelolar remodelling and thereby causing change in skeletal parameters using myofunctional appliance can considerably reduce the facial deformity which will reduce the complexity of orthognathic surgery performed at later age.

Mandibular angle fractures are frequently encountered as they constitute an area of weakness. Complications after open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of angle fractures commonly arise due to improper reduction and fixation methods that fail to counteract the dynamic muscle forces present in this region. Conventional reduction methods such as digital manipulation, intermaxillary fixation, towel clip traction, and wiring are associated with various limitations. This technical note highlights the fabrication and use of a computer-aided designing/computer-aided manufacturing–generated splint for ORIF of a superiorly displaced mandibular angle fracture. The splint consisted of 2 components: (1) a distal tooth-borne component to guide the teeth into maximum intercuspation and (2) a proximal bone-borne component to reduce the angle fracture. This composite splint facilitates simultaneous restoration of occlusion as well as reduction of mandibular angle fractures. The advantages of this technique include the following: (1) easy fabrication of splint, (2) easy and precise anatomical reduction of angle fracture, and (3) less operative time.

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