Natural disasters usually involve a phenomenon with consequences that exceed the response capabilities of local communities and have a significant impact on the region's socioeconomic development. Droughts, floods, and hurricanes are all natural disasters that jeopardize the environment and the lives of Somalis. Severe floods have devastated the south and central parts of the country multiple times, destroying infrastructure and homes and killing many vulnerable people. Droughts in the south and central parts of the country, particularly in the Middle Shebelle region, have killed a number of children and mothers. It also had a negative influence on crops and cattle. Objective of this study is to know the recurrence of Natural Disasters in Jowhar, Middle Shabelle region, Somalia: The Causes and Impacts. The Somali people are completely aware of natural disasters such as droughts and floods, and they are self-sufficient in dealing with the consequences of these disasters. Furthermore, the Somali government has not fully created environmental laws to protect and conserve the environment, and the majority of laws, rules, acts, and regulations are not used or administered effectively. We also found that the Somali government is not yet financially prepared to deal with these crises, and that there are no strategic plans in the central government or even state administrations to prevent or at least control these disasters from causing extreme harm to the community and the environment.

Background: Waste management has been a worldwide issue which most countries are finding the best ways of dealing with. Managing waste improperly poses threat to the health of individuals and the environment. Somalia as a developing country, its communities has been facing with a lot of challenges regarding waste management due to actions towards waste management. Objectives: To examine the knowledge, attitudes and practices of communities on waste management and how their actions have affected their health as well as their environments. Methodology: The study area comprises Karan district Mogadishu-Somalia. Self-administered random sampling method has been used for structured questionnaire and interview (N=150). SPSS V.16 has been used for data analysis. Results: The majority of the respondents 58(38.7%) were said sharps/and needles, while 41(27.3%) were said plastic waste, 31(20.7) were human excreta residues only 20 (13.3%) said none of them. The majority of the respondents 101(67.3%) heard the risks associated with waste while 49(32.7) of the respondents don't heard risks associated with waste. The majority of the respondents 47(31.3%) were said breading of vector, while 29(19.3%) were said skin disease, 19(12.7%) were said respiratory disease while 55(36.7%) were pollution of soil, air and water sources. Besides, the attitude of the respondents, among the respondents 28(18.7%) were strongly agree that they care about waste management (reduce, reuse, and recycle), 91(60.7%) were agree, 14(9.3%) were not sure, 13(8.7%) were disagree while 4(2.7%) were strongly disagree. Moreover, most of the respondents indicates that 75(50.0%) girls are the persons that deals with the wastes, while 63(42.0%) said mothers are responsible, while only 3(2.0%) said boys and 9(6.0%) said father. Conclusion: The findings revealed that Karan district community have good level of knowledge as well as have positive attitude but their practice towards solid waste management was poor.

Environmental degradation poses a major threat to the existence of humanity today both in rural and urban settlements. In such a scenario, the importance and need for environmental education as a tool for environmental management and conservation cannot be overemphasized. To raise environmental literacy level among Somalians, Environmental Education is taught using both interdisciplinary and multi-disciplinary approaches. The aim of this study was to establish the level of awareness, attitude and participation of secondary school students in environmental activities in these two different settlements. The study involved a sample of 200 and secondary school students randomly selected from secondary schools in Mogadishu Divisions. Data was primarily collected using researcher developed questionnaires. Analysis of the data was done by first coding them in SPSS version 2016. The study has achieved its objective by drawing a comparison between students in different sections of an urban divide. It was also found out that there is need to refocus the approach of EE in order to ensure that it does not only make learners aware but also create a sense of personal responsibility which is fundamental in ensuring sustainable environmental behavior. The findings of the study may be used by authorities in making priorities in terms of environmental education for various settlements in urban set up. It will also help in tailoring EE approach to make it relevant and responsive to the immediate concerns and responsibilities of students and the entire community by environmental concern.