This randomised controlled study provides evidence about favourable impact of a pharmacist led diabetes intervention programme on HbA1c, medication adherence and QoL scores amongst type 2 diabetes patients at UKMMC, Malaysia.

Objective: High prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Malaysia demands the appropriate interventions to alleviate or postpone its burden on patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The studies which provide useful knowledge about the components of such interventions are important. The aim of this study was to describe how demographic and clinical characteristics of diabetes patients influence their HRQoL using EQ-5D. Methods:This study used the baseline data of a randomized controlled study carried out to examine the impact of a pharmacist intervention on poorly controlled diabetes patients. A generic HRQoL tool EQ-5D was used to report the data. Logistic regression was used to identify the predictors of problems in individual EQ-5D domains, and ANCOVA was undertaken to examine the effect of patients' characteristic on EQ-5D mean scores and visual analog scale (VAS) mean scores.Results: Pain discomfort was reported to be significantly predicted by high HbA1c levels. Increasing age (OR =1.04; CI 1.01, 1.16) and increasing body mass index (OR = 1.15; CI 1.01, 1.30) were significant predictors of reduced mobility. The presence of complications (OR = 8.03; CI 1.34-48.02) and (5-10 years) diabetes duration predicted the reduced score in anxiety domain (OR = 7.05; CI 1.03, 48.04). Problems in usual activities were significantly predicted by age (OR = 1.4; CI 1.01, 1.18). Self-care was not affected by any of the model covariates. Mean EQ-5D score was (0.89; CI 0.85, 0.92) significantly predicted by HbA1c values (p=0.04). Mean VAS score (70.54) was significantly lower in the group receiving insulin (69.46; CI 73.74, 84.02) than the oral diabetes medication (78.88; CI 64.94, 73.98) (p=0.009). Conclusion:Patients' characteristics were significantly associated with the HRQoL in type 2 diabetes. There was a significant and inverse association of HRQoL with medication group (insulin use), high HbA1c, obesity, and presence of complications.

Objective: High prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Malaysia demands the appropriate interventions to alleviate or postpone its burden on patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The studies which provide useful knowledge about the components of such interventions are important. The aim of this study was to describe how demographic and clinical characteristics of diabetes patients influence their HRQoL using EQ-5D. Methods:This study used the baseline data of a randomized controlled study carried out to examine the impact of a pharmacist intervention on poorly controlled diabetes patients. A generic HRQoL tool EQ-5D was used to report the data. Logistic regression was used to identify the predictors of problems in individual EQ-5D domains, and ANCOVA was undertaken to examine the effect of patients' characteristic on EQ-5D mean scores and visual analog scale (VAS) mean scores.Results: Pain discomfort was reported to be significantly predicted by high HbA1c levels. Increasing age (OR =1.04; CI 1.01, 1.16) and increasing body mass index (OR = 1.15; CI 1.01, 1.30) were significant predictors of reduced mobility. The presence of complications (OR = 8.03; CI 1.34-48.02) and (5-10 years) diabetes duration predicted the reduced score in anxiety domain (OR = 7.05; CI 1.03, 48.04). Problems in usual activities were significantly predicted by age (OR = 1.4; CI 1.01, 1.18). Self-care was not affected by any of the model covariates. Mean EQ-5D score was (0.89; CI 0.85, 0.92) significantly predicted by HbA1c values (p=0.04). Mean VAS score (70.54) was significantly lower in the group receiving insulin (69.46; CI 73.74, 84.02) than the oral diabetes medication (78.88; CI 64.94, 73.98) (p=0.009). Conclusion:Patients' characteristics were significantly associated with the HRQoL in type 2 diabetes. There was a significant and inverse association of HRQoL with medication group (insulin use), high HbA1c, obesity, and presence of complications.

Objective: There is lack of data regarding lipid patterns and the relationship of the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP with glycemic control in Malaysian diabetes patients. This study aimed to assess the lipid patterns and association of AIP with HbA1c in diabetes patients at a tertiary care hospital in Malaysia. Methods:The study was conducted on 72 diabetes patients who were randomly chosen and agreed to participate in the study. AIP values were calculated using log triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein (TG/HDL) ratio. Data were analysed using SPSS 23.Results: Mean age and body mass index (BMI) of the participants were 56.88±8.89 (years) and 28.81±4.78 (kg/m 2 ) respectively. Hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) values were found in 55.5 %, 41.7 %, 45.5 % of total participants respectively and less than desirable HDL values were observed in 25% of total participants. Overall, 37.5% patients were categorised into high-risk AIP category. BMI categories had a significant association with AIP category (p = 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation of AIP with HbA1c (r = 0.34; p = 0.0 04). HDL was negatively correlated with AIP (r = 0.27; p = 0.02). Duration of diabetes and ethnicity showed no significant association with AIP risk values. Conclusion:Diabetes patients in this study exhibited significant lipid abnormalities with increased AIP. AIP was significantly correlated with HbA1c.

Easy to administer MALMAS significantly predicted concurrent glycemic control independent of potential confounders. This association persisted in longitudinal observation after 3 months when adjusted for confounders and became non-significant after adjusting for baseline glycemic control.