<p>In a micro grid system during standalone condition the system may not be stable and might not compensate the required load. Especially for renewable source integrated micro grid system grid disconnected condition is more critical as the renewable sources are unpredictable. The renewable distribution generator needs backup module for support to the loads during standalone condition. In this paper complete distribution network with multiple renewable sources which include PV plant, wind plant and fuel cell source is modeled with power management algorithm (PMA) in only photovoltaic (PV) plant. PMA controls the hybrid backup modules supporting the PV DG. The hybrid backup modules considered for the support are battery unit and super capacitor (SC) unit. The battery and SC units charge or discharge as per the PMA controller with respect to power generated by the PV source. The charge and discharge of these units are dependent on PV power, state of charge (SOC) of battery and SOC of SC. These three sources compensate the critical load connected in the micro grid. A comparative analysis is carried out with and without backup modules and PMA during grid islanding condition on the proposed distribution network. All graphical and parametric comparisons are done using MATLAB/ Simulink software with time domain plots generated by PowerGUI tool.</p>

Smart Grid (SG) is used in power systems to enhance environmental sustainability and increase the efficiency of energy management. In Smart Grid systems, Smart Meter (SM) is one of the most important devices. The SM is an advanced energy meter that receives data from the load devices of end users and computes the customer’s energy consumption. After that these smart meter transfers the information to the utility company and/or system operator. The secure data transmission is the main issue between the smart meters to the smart grid. Because the advanced metering architecture is vulnerable to the cyber-attacks. In order to ensure the security of smart meter data, the cryptography based encryption techniques are used in the SG. In this paper, the secure data transmission between the SM and the SG is performed by RSA cryptography. The communication over the devices performed by Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK). Here, the data from the SM encrypted using RSA encryption technique and then it transmitted using BPSK to SG. At last, at the smart grid the RSA decryption technique is used to decrypt the power values from various loads. The introduced RSA based encryption key management mechanism used to provide the end to end security in the smart metering communications. The access of the data is limited by providing the key to the authorized end users for enhancing the confidentiality of the data transmission. This proposed method is named as BPSK-RSA methodology. The performance of this BPSK-RSA methodology evaluated using energy consumption of the load devices. Then the performance of BPSK-RSA methodology is compared with DFT based CHE in terms of Mean Square Error (MSE). By taking the average, the MSE of BPSK-RSA methodology is improved at 5.02% than the DFT based CHE. The performance of the BPSK-RSA methodology is also compared with ECC-SM method in terms of Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), Throughput (TH) and End to End Delay (EED). The PDR, TH and EED of BPSK-RSA methodology are improved at 2.95%, 6.24% and 19.64% than the ECC-SM method at 100 smart meter placement.