his paper presents a model based control strategy aimed to reduce noise and wear during gearshifts in conventional and hybrid Dual Clutch Transmissions (DCT and DCTH) and Automated Manual Transmissions (AMT). The control strategy is based on a newly developed dog teeth position sensor layout at China Euro Vehicle Technology AB (CEVT), a detailed simulation model for gear engagement and already existing speed sensors in the transmission. The details of dog teeth position sensor and simulation model are also presented in this paper. During gear shifting, noise is generated because of impacts between the sleeve teeth and the idler gear dog teeth after speed synchronization. Besides noise, these impacts are also responsible for delaying the completion of shift and contribute to wear in the dog teeth, hence reducing the lifespan of the transmission. The simulation model for gear engagement can simulate these impacts. Based on the simulation model and optimal control theory, an ideal dog teeth position trajectory is formulated that avoids the impact between sleeve and idler gear dog teeth, before the start of torque ramp up. The open loop strategy then controls the synchronization torque in the beginning of speed synchronization in such a way that the dog teeth position during shift follows the ideal dog teeth position trajectory. Since the control strategy is based on optimal control theory, its effect on speed synchronization time is minimal. The control strategy is designed in such a way that it can easily be applied in the existing transmission control software. By applying the control strategy on the simulation model, it is shown that the impacts during gear engagement are reduced. * (). FIGURE 13 Selected Batch simulation results

T his paper presents a feedback control strategy aimed to reduce noise and wear during gearshifts in conventional and hybrid Dual Clutch Transmissions (DCT and DCTH) and Automated Manual Transmissions (AMT). The control strategy is based on a new dog teeth position sensor developed by China Euro Vehicle Technology AB and existing speed sensors in the transmission. During gear shifting, noise is generated by impacts between the sleeve teeth and the idler gear dog teeth after speed synchronization. Besides noise, these impacts are also responsible for delaying the completion of shift and contribute to wear in the dog teeth, hence reducing the lifespan of the transmission. The presented control strategy controls speed synchronization such that the impact between sleeve and idler gear dog teeth, before the start of torque ramp up, is avoided. Since drag torque is an important factor in speed synchronization, this paper also contains an algorithm to identify friction torque coefficient in the transmission. The identification method ensures that the controller adapts to varying conditions without the need for offline calibration. The control strategy is developed for standard automatic gear shifting operations but minor adaptations in the algorithm also make it capable of handling gear shifts requested by the driver. The output signal of the control strategy is acceleration request on idler gear during speed synchronization. To make controller easier to implement and minimize shift time, the acceleration request only has two values, either maximum value or zero. The control strategy is designed in such a way that it can easily be integrated in the existing transmission control software. By applying the control strategy on a detailed simulation model, it is shown that the impacts during gear engagement are significantly reduced.

Hybrid dual clutch transmissions can reduce fuel consumption and CO2 emissions significantly at a low cost, but they will lead to torque interrupt shifts in electric vehicle mode. To improve the shift quality, the shift time should be minimized and the impacts between the sleeve teeth and the idler gear dog teeth after speed synchronization should also be minimized. Besides creating noise, these impacts are also responsible for delaying the completion of shift and contribute to wear in the dog teeth. This paper presents a time optimal control strategy for mechanical synchronizers in a hybrid dual clutch transmission, which includes constraints such that impacts between sleeve and gear dog teeth are minimized. It is demonstrated how a mechanical synchronizer can be modeled as a double integrator system and how the standard timeoptimal control solution of double integrator system must be modified such that it can be applied to mechanical synchronizers. The result is a feedback control strategy that guarantees minimum speed synchronization time and minimum noise/wear in transmission. The performance of the controller is verified by simulation.