No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Diesel engines are important and widely used in many fields in industry, agriculture, transportation, and electricity, but the disadvantages of these engines are environmental pollution due to exhaust gas emissions as well as the high cost of diesel fuel. These defects made the topic an important research topic to search for less polluting and less expensive fuel to use it in diesel engines, and this makes LPG a good candidate for diesel supplements because it contains several technical advantages in this regard, being environment friendly and has a high heat value to increase energy production And also its price is cheap compared to diesel fuel. In this study, an electronic system was designed to control the LPG injector and a magnetic sensor was installed on top of a single-cylinder and air-cooled diesel engine head. Tested using at two-stage first diesel fuel D-100 and second stage, dual-fuel in three modes (LPG-25, LPG-50, and LPG-75). The test was under loads (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) at different speeds (1000, 1500 and 2000 rpm). A decrease in emission ratios (NOx, HC, CO, and CO2) is observed in all operating modes with LPG, and the best emission reduction mode is LPG-75. As for O2 gas, the results showed almost the same in diesel case.