The aim of this study was to explore the effects of exercise on angiogenesis and apoptosis-related molecules, quality of life, fatigue and depression in patients who completed breast cancer treatment. Sixty breast cancer patients were randomised into three groups, as supervised exercise group, home exercise group and education group. Angiogenesis and apoptosis-related cytokine levels and quality of life (EORTC QOL-C30: European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life C30), fatigue (Brief Fatigue Inventory) and depression (BDI: Beck Depression Inventory) scores were compared before and after a 12-week exercise programme. After the exercise programme, statistically significant decreases were found in interleukin-8 and neutrophil activating protein-78 levels in the home exercise group (P < 0.05). The education group showed a statistically significant increase in monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 level (P < 0.05). Functional score and global health score of EORTC QOL-C30 in the supervised exercise group and functional score of EORTC QOL-C30 in the home exercise group increased significantly after exercise programme (P < 0.05). BDI score was significantly lower in the supervised exercise group after the exercise programme (P < 0.05). Changes in angiogenesis and apoptosis-related molecules in the study groups suggest a possible effect of exercise on these parameters. Exercise programmes are safe and effective on quality of life and depression in breast cancer patients whose treatments are complete.

Introduction Hand eczema can cause considerable psychosocial disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and difficulties at work, and it may also cause sexual dysfunction. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate sexual function in patients with hand eczema and to find out whether concomitant depression has an additional negative effect on sexual function in these patients. Main Outcome Measures Sexual functions were evaluated in hand eczema patients. Methods Ninety-one female (43 patients vs. 48 controls) and 79 male (45 patients vs. 34 controls) subjects were enrolled in the study. Hand eczema severity index was used to determine severity of hand eczema. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) were used to assess sexual function. Quality of life was assessed with the Dermatology Life Quality Index. Diagnosis of depression was made based on the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV, while the Hamilton Depression Rate Scale was used for grading depression. Results Among 43 female subjects with hand eczema, 26 had depression (60.46%); of the 45 male patients, 11 had depression (24.44%). FSFI total score was found to be significantly decreased in female patients with both eczema and depression compared with controls (20.84 ± 9.19 vs. 24.04 ± 3.40, P &lt;0.05). FSFI total score was found to be significantly decreased in female patients with both eczema and depression compared with those without depression (20.84 ± 9.19 vs. 22.23 ± 5.82, P &lt;0.05). IIEF total score was also found to be significantly decreased in male patients with or without depression compared with controls (52.36 ± 14.83 vs. 59.88 ± 5.65 vs. 62.03 ± 11.04, P &lt;0.05). Conclusions The results of the study demonstrated that patients with hand eczema had sexual dysfunction, and concomitant depression had an additional negative effect on sexual dysfunction. Patients with hand eczema should be evaluated with regard to sexual function and depression to provide a better quality of life.

In this study, we considered the efficacy of seed treatments for the inactivation of some seedborne viruses in tomato, pepper, melon, squash, bean and lettuce seeds, which are essential for human nutrition and seed production in our country. A total of 325 seed samples obtained from various farmers and foundations were tested by DAS-ELISA and RT-PCR procedures. Eight seed lots infected with Tomato mosaic tobamovirus (ToMV), Tobacco mosaic tobamovirus (TMV), Cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV), Soybean mosaic potyvirus (SMV) and Lettuce mosaic potyvirus (LMV) were selected as research materials. Virus inactivation treatments were made by using acetic acid (CH 3 COOH), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), hydrochloric acid (HCl), sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), Triton X 100, dry heat, heated water, ozone (O 3 ), and UV (305 nm wavelength). The most effective treatments for reducing virus concentration were HCl, heated water (65 • C) and ozone (10 g m −3 ). These treatments reduced concentrations of seed-borne viruses in ranges of 51%, 42%, and 32%, respectively. Other treatments were less effective and reduced virus concentrations in the range of 27%-12%. HCl and ozone treatments were the most effective and applicable methods because they did not have negative effect on seed germination.

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