ABSTRAKKakao (Theobroma cacao L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas andalan perkebunan yang berperan cukup penting dalam perekonomian nasional, sebagai penyedia lapangan kerja, sumber pendapatan petani dan devisa negara, dan pengembangan agroindustri. Tulisan ini membahas sistem usaha tani kakao berbasis bioindustri di Kabupaten Luwu, Sulawesi Selatan, sebagai usaha tani ramah lingkungan yang efisien, bernilai tambah, dan berdaya saing tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan sistem ini melalui integrasi kakao-sapi dapat mendorong peningkatan produktivitas tanaman kakao dan pengembangan sapi melalui pemanfaatan limbah kakao sebagai sumber pakan ternak serta limbah ternak sebagai sumber pupuk organik dan energi. Penerapan model integrasi kakao-sapi dapat meningkatkan pendapatan petani hingga 45,9%. Efisiensi usaha ternak sapi pada pola integrasi kakao-sapi terjadi melalui pemanfaatan kulit kakao dan tanaman pelindung (leguminosa) sebagai bahan pakan yang menghemat tenaga kerja dalam penyediaan pakan hingga 50%. Efisiensi pengelolaan kebun kakao terjadi melalui penghematan biaya penggunaan pupuk kandang yang mencapai 40%. Hasil analisis finansial menunjukkan bahwa usaha tani integrasi kakao-sapi jauh lebih menguntungkan dibandingkan dengan nonintegrasi. Pola integrasi mampu memberikan keuntungan Rp13,03 juta/ha/2 ekor/ tahun, sedangkan keuntungan pada pola nonintegrasi hanya Rp7,84 juta/ha/tahun. Pola integrasi memberikan nilai tambah Rp5,1 juta atau 66% dengan incremental benefit cost ratio (IBCR) 1,08. Sistem ini berpotensi untuk diimplementasikan di berbagai wilayah pengembangan kakao di Indonesia, sekaligus untuk mendukung program peningkatan populasi sapi.

Coffee is a natural resource that has economic value and is also a mainstay commodity for most farmers and is increasingly promising as the market expands. The purpose of this research is to identify and analyse the marketing flow and to analyse the feasibility of a coffee business. This study uses data analysis to see the feasibility of a business by looking for total costs, total revenue and revenue cost ratio (R/C). The results obtained from this study indicate that the coffee marketing channel has 2 different channels involving farmers, small traders, level 1 collectors and consumers. The business feasibility of this study shows that the total fixed costs incurred are IDR 1,000,000/year and the total variable costs incurred is IDR 6,000,000/year, so that the total costs incurred are IDR 7,000,000/year. The revenue obtained is 9,600,000 IDR/year, the result is obtained from a total production of 480 kilos and a selling price of 20,000 IDR/kilos, per kg. The conclusion is that coffee deserves to be done development because the R/C obtained > 1 is 1.37.

<em><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;" lang="IN">Forest fire is one of the greatest environmental problems faced by Indonesia particularly in Riau region</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;">. It</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;" lang="IN"> may be anticipated </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;">by</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;" lang="IN"> develop</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;">ing</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;" lang="IN"> early warning system to assess forest fire danger. In this paper, the assessment of forest fire danger </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;">was conducted by </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;" lang="IN">using the Keetch Byram Drought Index (KBDI)</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;" lang="IN"> </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;" lang="IN">model. This Paper present</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;">s</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;" lang="IN"> our research in Riau region that </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;">aimed</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;" lang="IN"> to </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;">study the behavior of the model and to modify the model to satisfy local climate condition of Riau region. The model was applied for climate data in four </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;" lang="IN">selected weather station i.e Pekanbaru, Japura Rengat, Dabo Singkep and Tanjung Pinang </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: ";Times New Roman";,";serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: EN-US;">for the period of 1989-2008. We classified fire danger level into four categories including low, moderate, high, and extreme. We found that temporal distribution of the danger level varies among stations and reached extreme fire danger level during September-October. Our modification to the model obtained new drought factor formula having lower value than the original drought factor of the model. It resulted in lower modified KBDI (mKBDI) than the original KBDI values.<em>Forest fire is one of the greatest environmental problems faced by Indonesia particularly in Riau region. It may be anticipated by developing early warning system to assess forest fire danger. In this paper, the assessment of forest fire danger was conducted by using the Keetch Byram Drought Index (KBDI) model. This Paper presents our research in Riau region that aimed to study the behavior of the model and to modify the model to satisfy local climate condition of Riau region. The model was applied for climate data in four selected weather station i.e Pekanbaru, Japura Rengat, Dabo Singkep and Tanjung Pinang for the period of 1989-2008. We classified fire danger level into four categories including low, moderate, high, and extreme. We found that temporal distribution of the danger level varies among stations and reached extreme fire danger level during September-October. Our modification to the model obtained new drought factor formula having lower value than the original drought factor of the model. It resulted in lower modified KBDI (mKBDI) than the original KBDI values.</em> </span></em>

Padi gogo menjadi sumber karbohidrat utama bagi masyarakat di Kecamatan Wolasi pada umumnya. Mereka melakukan budidaya padi gogo secara turun temurun sehingga cara budidaya masih konvensional. Tujuan pengabdian adalah melakukan pendampingan teknik budidaya padi gogo yang baik kepada petani.Metode yang digunakan adalah diskusi kelompok, bimbingan teknis dan pembuatan demplot berukuran 100 m x 100 m persegi. Hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa demplot padi gogo dapat menjadi media pembelajaran cara budidaya yang baik good agricultural practices (GAP). Pembuatan demplot mengikuti prosedur teknis yaitu dengan melakukan pengolahan lahan, pembuatan bedengan dan aplikasi pupuk kandang dan pupuk dasar NPK sesuai rekomendasi 250 kg/ha.Aplikasi dolomit dilakukan di atas bedengan dengan dosis 1.500 kg/ha.Di antara bedengan dibuat jarak berukuran 50-60 cm sebagai jalan pemeliharaan tanaman. Respon petani mitra cukup baik karena ada perbedaan yang signifikan cara budidaya yang sering mereka lakukan dengan cara budidaya yang telah disepakati bersama dengan tim pelaksana.  Petani mitra dapat melihat, merasakan dan mengalami bahwa cara budidaya yang dianjurkan lebih memudahkan petani mitra dalam melakukan pemeliharaan tanaman padi gogo. Pertmbuhan tanaman padi gogo lebih baik dibandingkan dengan cara budidaya yang selama ini dilakukan oleh petani.

The demand for chili production continues to increase in Indonesia and South Sulawesi in particular, both for local, inter-island demand and the potential for export. On the other hand, chili production is still low. Chili productivity in 2010 was only 5.6 t/ha, although the potential productivity can reach 12 t/ha. Therefore, an assessment of chili technology innovation according to GAP in South Sulawesi was carried out through the application of efficient chili technology innovation, appreciation of local wisdom and environmental insight. The assessment was carried out in a participatory manner in the chili development center area in Maros Regency, South Sulawesi involving 4 cooperative farmers in an area of 1.0 ha. The data used are production, inputs used, output prices, input prices. To determine the farming use R/R (Return Cost Ratio) analysis, and to determine the optimal level of use of production inputs obtained from the application of chili technology is to calculate MBCR (marginal benefit cost ratio) or IBCR (incrementel benefit cost ratio). The results of the study showed 1) The application of GAP in red chili cultivation resulted in higher chili production and a smaller number of anthracnose attacks than the farmers’ treatment. 2) Chili productivity achieved in P1 treatment reached 24.64 t/ha, significantly different from P2 treatment which reached 27.52 t/h, but not significantly different from P3 treatment reached 25.92 t/ha. 3) The application of GAP can increase farmers’ income from Rp. 173.14 million to Rp. 194.25 million or an increase in revenue of 10.86% with an IBCR of 2.05.