The main objective of this research paper is to examine the mediating roles of place attachment and tourist satisfaction on destination attractiveness and loyalty relationship using the phantom approach among foreign tourists visiting Langkawi Island, Malaysia. Tourists from three countries listed in the top 20 international markets visiting Malaysia were chosen as the target population. The survey was conducted at the departure hall of Langkawi International Airport using a simple random sampling method. A total of 365 useful questionnaires were returned and analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The findings of the study have empirically demonstrated that destination attractiveness had no significant direct influence on destination loyalty. However, the study discovered that tourist satisfaction and place attachment fully mediated the relationship between destination attractiveness and destination loyalty. Destination attractiveness has an indirect effect on destination loyalty. The study also illustrated that the tourist satisfaction factor had a stronger mediator effect than place attachment factor in the destination loyalty relationship model. The study suggested several insightful recommendations to the destination management office in maximizing tourist's experience with cultural attractiveness and adequate infrastructure, thereby, enhancing the visitation of international tourists to Langkawi Island.

The competitive situation and challenges within the tourism industry worldwide entailed a better understanding of destination loyalty’s determinants in achieving Malaysia’s aspiration to retain its international reputation as one of the most desirable tourist destinations in Asia. Literature proved that factors such as perceived value, service quality and tourist satisfaction could influence in improving destination loyalty. In view of this, there is a need to examine the influence of several constructs namely perceived value, service quality and tourist satisfaction that can contribute to the loyalty of international tourists towards Malaysia as it was suggested in the literature review. Therefore, the main objectives of this study were to examine the influence of perceived value and service quality on tourist satisfaction, which in turn would influence destination loyalty. In this study, tourist satisfaction was treated as the mediating variable. The proposed model was tested using structural equation modeling on a sample of 337 foreign tourists selected using a random sampling method. The study was conducted from August 2014 to October 2014. The proposed model achieved acceptable goodness-of-fit. The requirements for reliability and validity were also met. The results of the empirical study indicated that perceived value influenced tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty. In addition, the findings revealed that service quality had a significant effect on satisfaction. However, service quality had no significant effect on destination loyalty. Moreover, the findings indicated that tourist satisfaction had a full mediating effect on the relationship between service quality and destination loyalty. The study contributed to a better understanding of behavioral factors that would represent a sustainable source for increasing customer retention at the level of individual providers as well as a destination as a whole. Individual providers should focus on delivering quality services related to accommodation, information and facilities, health and hygiene, and shopping that were associated with the visitor’s travel experience. Aspects of perceived value identified in the study could be used as a strategic tool in managing tourism offerings which could enhance the destination’s competitive edge.

The tourism industry has relied on long-term planning and is anticipating growing availability and demand for socially, ecologically, and economically responsible tourism. As a novel idea, responsible tourism practices may boost efforts for sustainable tourism development, improving the image and competitiveness of tourism destinations. The purpose of this research is to look at the link between responsible tourism and destination sustainability in Cameron Highlands communities. This study employed descriptive research and a cross-sectional design. In order to complete the study, questionnaires were handed to local communities in three (3) Cameron Highlands sub-districts: Ulu Telum, Tanah Rata, and Ringlet. According to correlation and regression tests, the study found a significant relationship between responsible tourism and destination sustainability. As a result, destination sustainability necessitates a greater emphasis on the development of environmental consciousness, sustainable livelihood, and community well-being. Because local communities are a component of the tourism experience, the study findings can help tourism stakeholders execute tourism development plans based on local community views and quality of life.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan dimensi gender dalam novel Gadis Pantai karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer melalui tokoh Gadis Pantai. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik dokumentasi. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah novel Gadis Pantai karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer yang terbit pada pada September 2011 cetakan ke tujuh yang diterbitkan oleh Lentera Dipantara dengan tebal 270 halaman. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis karya. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari analisis dimensi gender melalui analisis kedudukan tokoh perempuan yaitu Gadis Pantai (Mas Nganten) ditemukan Mas Nganten memiliki sifat lemah atau inferior, yaitu lebih rendah dari laki-laki, ia merelakan dirinya hanya menjadi abdi suami, dan menjalankan perintah tentang apa yang boleh dan tidak boleh dikerjakan tanpa izin suami. Sedangkan melalui analisis kedudukan Bendoro, ditemukan bahwa Bendoro adalah seorang pembesar yang berkuasa. Meskipun ia dengan Mas Nganten dalam ikatan suami istri, ia tetap berkedudukan lebih tinggi dari Mas Nganten. Ia merupakan pemilik diri Mas Nganten yang berhak memberi peraturan tentang apa yang boleh Mas Nganten lakukan. Berdasarkan sikapnya, penulis menggambarkan kehadiran tokoh perempuan memiliki sifat lemah. Kata Kunci: Dimensi gender, kedudukan tokoh perempuan, kedudukan tokoh laki-laki, dan sikap penulis.

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