Gelatin was extracted from the scales of catla (Catla catla), rohu (Labeo rohita), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), and their mixed type. However, amino acid of the gelatin extracted from the scales of catla and rohu was profiled. While grass carp (0.78 ± 0.03) and mixed scales (0.78 ± 0.02) yielded similar level of gelatin, rohu had the lowest recovery (0.61 ± 0.05). Scales of catla had 0.72 ± 0.06% gelatin. Of the total 14 amino acids, the highest level of glutamic acid (6.58%) was found in the gelatin extracted from the scales of catla with the lowest level of leucine (0.76%). Gelatin extracted from rohu had the highest percent of glutamic acid (6.14) with lowest percent of leucine (0.59). Of the 10 EAAs, 8 were found in the gelatin extracted from the scales of catla and rohu. While the highest per cent of lysine (4.15) was found in the gelatin extracted from the scales of rohu, the lowest per cent (0.59) was leucine.Quantification of fish scales from the fish markets of Bangladesh and extraction optimization may increase both yield and efficiency.

Introduction: ToRCH is an acronym for four congenital infections that are sometimes difficult to distinguish: Toxoplasmosis, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV). This group of organisms produces serious Central Nervous System (CNS) and other infections, which are potentially preventable and treatable. Methods: Neonates and infants with hydrocephalus (N = 65) identified via the outpatient department of the National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital (NINS&H), were prospectively screened for ToRCH antibodies. Hydrocephalus secondary to Tumor or Trauma was excluded from this study. Results: Evidence of 75.38 % (p = <0.05) patient was positive for TORCH antibodies. Toxoplasma Gondi (T. Gondii) IgG 18.5 % ( p= <0.05 ), CMV IgM 9.2 % (p = <0.05), CMV Ig G47.7% ( p = <0.5), Rubella, and HSV 1 & 2 antibodies were also identified. Conclusion: The vast majority of cases of neonatal hydrocephalus at one institution was post-infectious in etiology and related to ToRCH infections. Many of these cases could be prevented with improved screening and treatment. While study of a single institution may not be the representative of the entire population, further study and implementation of a standardized screening protocol would likely benefit this population. Bang. J Neurosurgery 2020; 9(2): 121-125

Tropical cyclone causes enormous damage of property and life in the coastal regions of Bangladesh. Majority of the damage during tropical cyclone occurs because of storm surge. Bangladesh is vulnerable to storm surge flooding due to its complex geometry and location. The huge loss of property and life can be reduced by predicting storm surge during a tropical cyclone. So, an attempt has been made in this study to see the effectiveness of predicting storm surge by Meteorological Research Institute (MRI) storm surge model from Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). In this study, MRI storm surge model is used to simulate storm surge of five cyclones cyclone Bulbul (November 2019), cyclone Fani (May 2019), cyclone Mora (May 2017), cyclone Roanu (May 2016) and cyclone Komen (July 2015) were simulated using MRI storm surge model to see the effectiveness of the model. The model was run for 48-hours for two different data sets which are, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) data and Global Spectral Model (GSM) data. Simulated storm surge heights found from the model are compared with the reported surge height from Bangladesh Inland Water Transport Authority (BIWTA) and Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD). The model is able to simulate storm surge height, mean sea level pressure (MSLP) and wind data of all the selected cases. The time series graph developed using python comparing the simulated results of storm surge height data with observed data for the event cyclone Bulbul showed the simulated data of both NWP datasets were in line with the observed data. And comparison of the maximum storm surge height for all five events shows simulated data for both the data sets were close to the reported data and the difference was well within the margin of error. The results indicate MRI model as a useful tool for storm surge forecasting The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 9(1), 2020, P 31-38

Topography and orography are two physical factors which produce high impact rainfall over the North-eastern part of Bangladesh. To predict the orographic rainfall of 29 March 2017 over Sylhet, Bangladesh an attempt has been performed using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The model has been run in a single domain of 10 km horizontal resolution for 48-h and 72-h using six hourly global final datasets from 0000 UTC of each initial day of the event as initial and lateral boundary conditions with NSSL 2-moment microphysics scheme, Kain–Fritsch cumulous scheme and Yonsei University Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) scheme. The model outputs such as sea level pressure, wind flow, vorticity, wind shear, humidity, Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE), Convective Inhibition, Lifted Index, K-index, Total Total Index and rainfall have been analyzed. The model predicted weather parameters were visualized by Grid Analysis and Display System (GrADS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) software and validated with observed data of Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD), Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMRWF) data. The analysis determines that the CAPE of magnitude 800- 1000 JKg-1, positive vorticity of (6-10) ×10-5s-1 and relative humidity of 80-100% up to 500-400 hPa levels are accountable for the happening of the orographic extreme rainfall and other parameters are compatible with the observed or theoretical values. This study indicates that the model with an appropriate model set up is capable to predict the orographic precipitation realistically well and can be used for upcoming events. Journal of Engineering Science 11(2), 2020, 61-73