The purpose of this research is to understand sponge species, micro symbiont, performance, mechanisms, and types of compounds resulting from biodegradation. The analytical method is applied by selecting the model, results from characterization and morphological identification, phenotype, genotype. Selected of micro symbiont are made as suspensions, interacted with modified naphthalene contaminated waste. The biodegradation process using the Bacillus Sp (BS) isolates sponge Neopetrosia Sp and Acinetobacter Calcoaceticus (AC) isolated from sponge Callyspongia Aerizusa, was carried out by interacting a microscopic suspension of 5,000 mg/L naphthalene waste for 25 days. Micro symbiont biodegradation results by determining the concentration of contaminants and biodegradation products, in the form of pure organic compounds using GC-MS, and the analysis of functional groups of natural components using IR. Destruction of the naphthalene molecule occurs through an enzymatic reaction mechanism, observed based on visible parameters. The performance of BS symbiont biodegradation on naphthalene is in the range of 7.34% - 51.37%, while the AC range is 5.84% -37.26% in w/v, achieved within 5-25 days interaction. Biodegradation products based on functional groups were identified as compounds of aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acids, esters, alkanes. Observation of biodegradation parameters confirmed pH changes, increased optical density values, gas bubbles formed and the smell of fermentation.

The ASTM standard recommends that the 16 most common types of PAHs are found in petroleum processing activities, the chemical industry and marine loading ports. This research aims to identify and determine the distribution of PAHs contaminants at three sampling points of seawater around Paotere Port, Makassar, South Sulawesi, using the GC-MS instrument. Sampling point A is the center of Paotere Port activity, Point B with a radius of 3 km and point C with a radius of 6 km from the center of port activity. Sampling at each point was carry out at a depth of 100 cm above sea level. There are 10 PAHs identified at sampling point A and B, while at point C there are 8 components with relatively the same type of PAHs. The dominant PAHs components at each sampling point are relatively the same, namely at point A: Pyrene, Chrysene, Benz[a]pyrene and Dibenz(a,h)anthracene, point B: Pyrene, Chrysene and Benz(a)anthtracene, while at point C only Pyrene. The total concentration of PAHs at point A: 4,217±.106 ppm, medium polluted category, at point B: 2,124±.087 ppm, medium polluted category and at point C: 1,264±. 112 ppm, light polluted category.

Investigation has been carried out using a sponge Niphates sp. as biodegradation agent of the aliphatic hydrocarbon component of crude oil sludge. The experiment was carried out by colonizing and making suspension of Bacillus pumilus strains GLB197 and Bacillus cohnii strains of DSM 6307, isolated from sponge Niphates sp. Both types of micro symbiont suspension were mixed with sludge waste for 30 days. There are five biodegradation parameters observed, carried out every five days of incubation. Parameters that observed during incubation were pH, gas bubbles and fermentation odor. Meanwhile, the optical density of the media was measured using spectrometer-D20+, Aliphatic components degradation was measured using GC-MS. Observation of biodegradation parameters showed there was a change in pH from 7 to 6, formed gas bubbles, resulting in fermentation odors and showed an increased optical density by an average of 35%. These four parameters occur during the interaction of 10-20 days of interaction in the media. There were 20 types of aliphatic components identified in the crude oil sludge waste. Analysis of four aliphatic components, namely Tridecane, Octadecane, Tricosane, and Nonacosane showed a decrease in the average concentration of 48.11 %.

Various processes triggering global climate change and climate change have been accepted by many parties as a necessity characterized by global warming, with a direct impact on the hydrological cycle, so that climate change is believed to have a real impact on water resources. Taking into account the possible consequences of climate change, it will be extremely important to examine how fluctuation in temperature and rainfall pattern shift will affect the water supply system. With this climate change, it will lead to vulnerability to the availability of raw water. The vulnerability referred to in Bantaeng was simply determined by three factors that were considered dominant, namely water needs, water sources, and community welfare. The analysis results showed that there was a higher risk increase which was influenced by hydrogeological conditions related to groundwater potential. Optimal groundwater management was expected to contribute as an adaptation effort to climate change risks to water sources.

As a result of climate change, the condition of the rain pattern will be more extreme, where in the rainy season, the rainfall will be higher so that it can trigger more floods and landslides; while in the dry season, the rainfall will be less added by increasing evaporation due to increased temperatures which can trigger drought disasters. The objective of this research was to what extent the impact of climate change on water availability which will be used as the main raw material for Municipal Water in Bantaeng Regency. The research method was descriptive qualitative with cross sectional approach. The results of climate change projections showed that the potential monthly average surface water discharge in Bantaeng Regency, especially the watershed used by PDAM, changed fluctuatively. During the rainy season, the projected run-off discharge increased by around 15%; while during the dry season it decreased by around 13% in the Nipa-Nipa, Gusung, and Kaili Watershed. This indicated that the vulnerability of surface water resources during the peak of the dry season (August) to the watershed with Municipal Water intakes, however, in general, the availability of surface water resources in the three watersheds was relatively safe as indicated by the projection results of the run-off discharge average annual rate increased by 4%