Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita is a soil-borne pathogen in plantation crops. Tea, coffee, pepper, tobacco, and patchouli plant have been reported as host of this nematode. Environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and effective technique is required to control the population of M. incognita. Utilization of tithonia plant as botanical nematicide is an alternative solution needs to be applied. A total of 1:10 (w/v) of leaves, stems, and flowers of tithonia was boiled. Further, the decoction was used in the in vitro mortality test of J2 of M. incognita. The result showed that decoction of leaves, stems, and flowers of tithonia at various concentrations led to nematicidal effect against M. incognita. Best performance of nematicidal activity was found in the decoction of flowers at a concentration of 50%. This study provides new information concerning nematicidal effect of decoction of leaves, stems, and flowers of tithonia against M. incognita.

The main diseases of tomato caused by wilt bacteria (Ralstonia solanacearum) and root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) may cause significant yield losses and need to be managed. Recently, biocontrol approach especially using endophytic bacteria has been developed to control plant pathogens. This research was aimed to obtain endophytic bacteria from 2 species of mangrove, which effectively controlled root knot nematode and wilt bacteria. A total of 843 endophytic bacteria were successfully isolated from 2 species of mangroves. The bacteria isolates were further subjected for biosafety assay. The results of the test showed that 403 endophytic bacteria gave negative reaction in hypersensitive and hemolytic tests. Furthermore, 19 isolates effectively suppressed the growth R solanacearum and killed Meloidogyne in in vitro test. Physiological test showed that 14 and 11 isolates of the bacteria were able to produce protease and chitinase, respectively. This research provides a new information that endophytic bacteria from mangrove has a potency as a biocontrol agents.

The development of pathogen control is currently not only targeted at suppressing pathogens but also considered safe for the ecosystem by utilizing endophytic bacteria. Endophytic bacteria can live in plant tissues without causing symptoms of disease and have a positive influence on plant growth. This study aims to obtain potential endophytic bacteria from T. diversifolia. Of the 23 endophytic bacteria isolated and previously characterized there were 13 endophytic bacteria that had the potential to increase rice growth, namely isolates, Ta42t, Ta46t, Ta31n, Tb31t, Tb35t, Tb41t, Ta34n, Tb34n, Ta36n, Tb32t, Tb43n, Ta43n, Tb32n, Tb45n. Of the 23 isolates 3, endophytic bacterial isolates that can suppress pathogens are Tb45n, Tb42n and Ta43n isolates. There are 2 isolates that can be used as triggers for growth as well as can be used to suppress pathogen growth.  

Euchema spinosum merupakan rumput laut yang umum dibudidayakan didaerah kepulauan seribu, Jakarta. Penelitian ini menguji perbedaan umur panen yaitu 35 hari, 45 hari dan 55 hari yang dikombinasikan dengan metode penjemuran para-para dengan 2 ketebalan tumpukan 10 cm dan 20 cm serta metode gantung dengan jarak gantung 15 cm dan 30 cm.  Hasil pengukuran kadar vitamin C menunjukan umur 35 hari memililiki nilai tertinggi sebesar 61.37 mg/kg, dikiuti umur 45 hari sebesar 56.43mg/kg dan umur 55 hari 54.72mg/kg. Metode penjemuran terbaik berdasarkan hasil penelitaian adalah metode gantung 30 cm pada umur 45 hari berhasil mencapai kadar air 32% dalam waktu 7.5 jam. Pengujian organoleptik terhadap mutu fisik warna dan aroma rumput laut menunjukan seecara umum perlakuan dengan menggunakan metode gantung 30 cm memiliki hasil terbaik dengan rataan nilai 3.80.Kata kunci : Euchema spinosum, rumput laut, vitamin c, metode penjemuran, uji organoleptik

No abstract