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Bovine mastitis is the most prevalent illness in dairy cows all over the world. Furthermore, the dairy sector is one of the most important industries in many countries of the world. Globalization and liberalization are adding additional positive forces to the modern economy today, which is fast-moving forward in industrial production, and the dairy business is no exemption. Milk is a necessary social meal, but as the quality and quantity of milk decline, it has an impact on dairy farmers' livelihoods and family nutrition, resulting in significant losses. Because the quantity and quality of milk are so important in the dairy sector, there have been significant financial losses. As a result, adequate maintenance and preventative measures must be maintained in order to ensure any dairy business is viable and sustainable. Various strategies for detecting mastitis have evolved, including proteomic approaches, particular immunoassays, and infrared thermography, all of which provide quick findings. This article efforts primarily on the complex methods of mastitis detection, as identification of the etiological agents are vital to preventing mastitis in dairy cows.

I n various regions of the world, poultry meat consumption elevates day by day owing to being the cheapest source of animal protein and poultry meat is becoming the consumer's first choice (Hess et al., 2001;Marangoni et al., 2015). Chicken meat is very nutritious with low content of fat, with more desirable unsaturated fatty acid according to other meat (Cavani et al., 2009;Dal Bosco et al., 2022). The production of poultry meat is possible when the health of birds will be good and according to need the demand for poultry meat will be fulfilled. Common respiratory diseases in poultry birds like CRD, infectious bronchitis (IB), infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) etc. are very harmful to the health of birds and causes low production and high loss in the economy (Mugunthan & Mani Chandra, 2021;

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