The heat exchanger is the most common equipment in the industry. Nowadays, CFD simulation has been used widely to predict the performance of heat transfer. The accuracy of the CFD depends on several factors such as simulation parameters, models, and quality of the grid. The heat exchanger in industrial application has big heat transfer capacity, since it consists lot of tube and big shell size. In this study, the fluid heat transfer on the tube is represented by uniform wall tube temperature. The objective of this works is to evaluate the performance of the SST kco turbulent and by applying heat transfer simulation of fluid on the tube side represented by uniform wall tube temperature. This present work compared CFD simulation and Experimental study. While the working fluids which are used in the experimental study are cooking oil in the shell and exhaust gas in the tubes. The constant of SST kw turbulent are cmu: 0.09, c1: 1.44, c2: 1.92, and sigma epsilon 1.3. The CFD simulation result shows in 50 s simulation that the temperature of cooking oil is from 48 °C to 54 °C. This tendency has good agreement with the experimental study.

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Despite the successful use of the Standard model in simulating turbulent flow for many industrially relevant flows, the model is still less accurate for a range of important problems, such as unconfined flows, curved boundary layers, rotating flows, and recirculating flows. As part of the authors’ effort to extend the model applicability and reliability, this paper aims to study the effects of diffusivity parameter called the turbulent Prandtl number of dissipation rate () on the Standard model performance for predicting recirculating flow in a crossflow water turbine. The value of this parameter was varied from 0.5 to 1.5 in the CFD simulations, and the results were compared to the more sophisticated model, namely the RNG , which has been first qualitatively validated by an experimental result. In addition, the parameter value was also adjusted using the Multi-Linear Regression (MLR) method ranging from 0.42 to 1.5 to complement the CFD simulations. It was observed that reducing the value is effective in minimizing the average deviation of the turbulence properties concerning the RNG model. However, the adjusted model still faces difficulty in accurately predicting the pressure and velocity field. Based on this result, adjusting the constant in the Standard turbulence model has the potential to improve the model performance for modelling recirculating flow in terms of the turbulence properties, but still needs further investigation for the flow properties.

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Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is a conversion process used in petroleum refineries to convert high-fuel hydrocarbon fractions into other low FCC hydrocarbon fractions. Our research team is researching the FCC using palm oil so that it can become fuel. Regenerators are controlled and monitored by using the Internet of Things technology. The thermocouple sensor in the regenerator and stepper motor 28BY J-48 as an actuator on the ejector valve is controlled by Arduino Mega 2560 and ESP8266 for data reading and processing. The results of this study show that the design of IoT on the FCC regenerator uses Blynk applications have been running properly. The sensor and data actuator can be read by ESP8266 which is then sent to the Blynk server via the cellular network. This shows the ability of a data logger can used in the range’s internet wifi smartphone.