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Breast cancer is a condition where the cells in breast tissue lose control and multiply uncontrollably. In this study, MCF-7 breast cancer cells were tested for cytotoxic activity using the MTT assay and the active compound's interaction with the p53 protein was tested in silico. The most active fraction was found to be the ethyl acetate fraction, with an IC50 value of 1.730 μg/mL and a selectivity index of 2.485. However, the selectivity index was less than 3, and Vero cells showed changes in morphology with the addition of the ethyl acetate fraction. GC-MS was used to identify 19 compounds in the ethyl acetate fraction, and in-silico tests were performed on 5 potential anticancer compounds. Lipinski's Rule of Five test showed that only 3 of these compounds could undergo molecular docking. The results indicated that Anethole compound can interact with p53 protein, while Cinnamaldehyde, (E)- can interact with p21 protein.

Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) contains charantin that responsible for the antidiabetic activity. Therefore, it is important to determine charantin in the extracts for the purposed of its formulation or quality control. Herein, we proposed a novel scanometric assay for charantin determination in the bitter melon extracts based on immobilized silver nitrate and methylene blue as a colorimetric paper. The presence of charantin can be detected simply via the color change from blue to green and can be quantified using a scanner via the ImageJ software. The proposed charantin sensor has a response time of 8 mins with the linear range of 300 to 1000 µg/mL and the detection limit was 216.25 µg/mL. The sensor has good reproducibility (RSD = 2.86%) with the stability up-to 5 months. The sensor was applied to determine charantin in the sample extracts, and the result shown in a good agreement with TLC method. KeywordsColorimetric sensor, Charantin, Silver nitrate, Methylene blue, Bitter melonThe conventional methods for determination of charantin are thin layer chromatography (TLC) [12], high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) [13], high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [14], gases chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) [15]. However, these methods are needed sample preparation, long procedure, and skilled personnel, as well as relatively expensive [16]. Certainly, for the big company or industry using conventional standard methods would not be an issue to comply with all

Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch ex Poiret), a fruit that contains several compounds, has activities to protect the human body from free radicals. Provitamin A is recognized as an antioxidant compound. Antioxidants can protect the body’s damage caused by free radicals. The purpose of this study was to isolate beta carotene compounds and test the purity of beta carotene isolates obtained using DR-UV and infrared spectrophotometry. Pumpkin is extracted using acetone: petroleum ether with a ratio (1: 1). Identification of beta carotene from extracts was carried out using TLC with the mobile phase of ethanol: acetone: n-hexane with a ratio (2: 1: 1) and scan spectrum using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Beta carotene was identified as the result of TLC elution on UV 254 and 366 nm which showed 2 spots. Detection of beta carotene spectra was carried out in the range of 350 to 550 nm and obtained beta carotene peaks at wavelength x nm. The extract purification process was carried out using Preparative TLC with the mobile phase of ethanol: acetone: n-hexane with a ratio (2: 1: 1) and obtained isolates cleaned first using chloroform: methanol ratio of 1: 1. The isolates were dried and tested using DR-UV and infrared spectrophotometry. Isolates from Cucurbita moschataDuch ex Poiret extract) contain beta carotene, zeaxanthin.Keywords: pumpkin; beta carotene; isolation

Albuminuria is a condition of the presence of albumin in the urine. The presence of albumin can be an indicator of kidney and cardiovascular diseases. Albumin can be detected based on the change of color from blue to brownish using a silver iodide – methylene blue sensor. This rapid test was developed to detect albuminuria in the urine by utilizing silver iodide (AgI) and methylene blue reagents. The chemical sensor was a colorimetric sensor immobilized with paper and detected by scannometric methods.  The analysis of the sensor color changes for albumin was carried out using ImageJ software. The proposed silver iodide - methylene blue-based albumin sensor had a response time of 7 minutes with a linear range from 200 to 500 ppm and the detection limit of 83,039 ppm qualification limit. The sensor had reproducibility (RSD = 2.6917%) with a service life of more than 5 months with an accuracy value of 100.662%. Keywords: albuminuria, chemical sensor, rapid test.